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  • 201.
    Galway, Lindsay P
    et al.
    Canada.
    Beery, Thomas
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Education, Research environment Learning in Science and Mathematics (LISMA). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Jones-Casey, Kelsey
    USA.
    Tasala, Kirsti
    Canada.
    Mapping the solastalgia literature: a scoping review study2019In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 16, no 15Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Solastalgia is a relatively new concept for understanding the links between human and ecosystem health, specifically, the cumulative impacts of climatic and environmental change on mental, emotional, and spiritual health. Given the speed and scale of climate change alongside biodiversity loss, pollution, deforestation, unbridled resource extraction, and other environmental challenges, more and more people will experience solastalgia. This study reviewed 15 years of scholarly literature on solastalgia using a scoping review process. Our goal was to advance conceptual clarity, synthesize the literature, and identify priorities for future research. Four specific questions guided the review process: (1) How is solastalgia conceptualized and applied in the literature?; (2) How is solastalgia experienced and measured in the literature?; (3) How is 'place' understood in the solastalgia literature?; and (4) Does the current body of literature on solastalgia engage with Indigenous worldviews and experiences? Overall, we find there is a need for additional research employing diverse methodologies, across a greater diversity of people and places, and conducted in collaboration with affected populations and potential knowledge, alongside greater attention to the practical implications and applications of solastalgia research. We also call for continued efforts to advance conceptual clarity and theoretical foundations. Key outcomes of this study include our use of the landscape construct in relation to solastalgia and a call to better understand Indigenous peoples' lived experiences of landscape transformation and degradation in the context of historical traumas.

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  • 202.
    Gartz Levin, Fanny
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences.
    Industrihampa: En kvalitativ studie angående attityder till en växtbaserad dryck tillverkad av industrihampa2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The climate change is a fact, and the global food production is responsible for 25 – 30 % of the greenhouse gases. To reduce the emissions major changes are needed in the society. For the individuals, a reduced intake of food products made of animals can make a big difference for the environment. To succeed in this matter, a change of attitude and increased knowledge among consumers in the society is required. The purpose of the study is to investigate consumers attitudes and interest in a beverage made of Swedish-grown hemp. Relevant literature and theory were used to gain an increased understanding of people’s food choices and preferences. Focus groups were used as method to interpret consumer’s attitudes about various factors of the hemp beverage. The selection of participants was based on heterogeneous groups with different genders, age and education and the purpose of this was to have a broader discussion among the participants. The study resulted in four different themes with focus around the hemp beverage. It is about the taste, Interest and awareness of Swedish products, The markets added value and Attractive with a clear content. These four different themes are helpful to get an overall picture of consumers knowledge and awareness, but also what is in demand in the market, from a consumer’s perspective. Humankind is a complex being and there is much to consider when change occurs, especially when it is about food and meal. In summary, there is a great interest and awareness for sustainable food choices among consumers, and a strong desire to change their eating habits for a better environment.

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  • 203.
    Gashi Krasniqi, Lauresha
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Jämförelse av två enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays: mätning av diabetesspecifika autoantikroppar i en adult population2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Type- 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with insulin deficiency caused by degradation of insulin- producing betacells in pancreas. Four different autoantibodies that target beta- cell specific antigenes have been identified: insulinautoantibodies (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), islet antigen2-antibodies (IA-2A) and antibodies against zinktransporter 8 (ZnT8A). In this study, a comparison between 2screen islet cell autoantibody ELISA-kit (RSR, Cardiff, UK) coated with GAD65/IA-2 and 3screen islet cell autoantibody ELISA- kit (RSR, Cardiff, UK) coated with GAD65/IA-2/ZnT8, was performed to investigate whether results from these two kits provide comparable sensitivity and specificity in an adult population of new onset patients with T1D and healthy adults. RSR 2screen obtained 1 % higher specificity (98 %) in comparison to RSR 3screen (97 %) on the same sensitivity (92 %) and is recommended primarily for screening of autoantibodies in a population of adult patients at increased risk for T1D and healthy adults blood donors.

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  • 204.
    Gerberich, Johanna
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Olsson, Viktoria
    Kristianstad University, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Humaniora.
    Müller- Hansen, Bitte
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Håkansson, Andreas
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Höijer, Karin
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL).
    Wendin, Karin
    Kristianstad University, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Promoting creativity in Food and Meal Science educations at Kristianstad University2016Conference paper (Other academic)
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  • 205.
    Gerberich, Johanna
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL).
    Umans, Timurs
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Business, Research environment Auditing, Organisation and Society (AOS). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Business, Avdelningen för ekonomi.
    Olsson, Viktoria
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Lidén, Alina
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Business, Avdelningen för ekonomi. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Business, Research environment Governance, Regulation, Internationalization and Performance (GRIP.
    Learning teams' diversity and innovative capacity: the case of gastronomy students.2019Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Gastronomy program at Kristianstad University has since many years been working with innovative processes and have created a number of courses aimed at developing innovative generic skills among their students. One of such courses is “Creative concept and product development in the foodstuff”.  The course presents the students an opportunity to develop new and exciting food stuff products in team of learners. The course has now run for 4 years and students have expressed satisfaction with their innovative skill development and the usefulness of skills acquired in their future career.  While the course have received many positive evaluations, a systematic evaluation of its structure and implementation has not yet been performed. This project aimed at evaluating how different aspects of team work (e.g. diversity and experiences) relate to students' development of innovative skills within the course. The study’s theoretical base lays in the field of collaborative learning (e.g. Bruffee, 1993), team learning (Slavin, 1978) and well as acquisition of generic skills in the collaborative and team learning processes. The project utilized an Input-Process-Output (Ilgen, et al. 2005) model where exploration diversity, team process and self-perceived outcomes and relationship between those have been investigated by the means of qualitative and quantitative methods. Relying on the surveys and reflective diaries of the course participants the study showed how various diversity aspects of the teams related to their processes and self-assessed outcomes, as well as show how students reason about collaboration in diverse groups. Based on the findings the study puts forward suggestion of how to manage the team work in increasingly diverse classes in the institutions of higher education and which method both students and instructors could employ to rip the benefits of this diversity.  

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  • 206.
    Gerberich, Johanna
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL).
    Wendin, Karin
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Olsson, Viktoria
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL).
    Nyberg, Maria
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL).
    Birch, Karina
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Forsberg, Sarah
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL).
    Jönsson, K. Ingemar
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Cedergaardh, Fanny
    Tetra Pak.
    Davidsson, Fredrik
    Geoloc.
    Langton, Maud
    SLU.
    Berg, Johan
    RISE.
    Stuffe, Sofia
    Atria Scandinavia.
    Josell, Åsa
    Atria Scandinavia.
    Andersson, Peter
    Solina Group.
    Rask, Susanne
    Solina Group.
    Insekter som en kulinarisk delikatess: enkla recept för frukost, fika och fest – för dig som vågar prova på mat med insekter2020Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Att äta insekter är egentligen inte något märkligt. I alla fall inte sett ur ett internationellt perspektiv. De flesta av världens olika kulturer har insekter i sin kost och det finns fler än 2000 ätbara insektsarter.

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  • 207.
    Ghahfarokhi, Sina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University.
    Djerf, Henric
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Yu, Changxun
    Linnaeus University.
    Åström, Mats
    Linnaeus University.
    Ketzer, Marcelo
    Linnaeus University.
    Wetlands under influence of acid sulfate soils: case study: Southern Sweden, Kristianstad, Norra Lingenäset2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years, wetlands have drawn scientific attention due to their environmental and economic importance. Preliminary studies show that wetlands in southern Sweden in the vicinity of Kristianstad may be contaminated by iron and aluminium (and possible other metals). Iron precipitates has led to the loss of flora and fauna within the protected natural wetland “Norra Lingenäset” over the last decade. The source of iron is the focus of our investigations, and it is possibly associated with drained acid sulphate soils (ASS) in the north of the wetland. The drained water (varying pH 3-8) from the nearby crop land is pumped to the Norra Lingenäset wetland. Therefore, the interrelation and correlation among the ASS (source of iron contamination) and the wetland are of interest. Our primary results shows 5-70 mg/L of iron in drained water from the ASS and 50-150 mg/g of iron in the accumulated sediments in the draining ditch. Hence, the conditions and state of the cropped ASS regarding iron species and concentrations will be studied. The results from this stage will enable us to design an iron pool for the Kristianstad case study. Understanding metal transportation, speciation and depositions will aid Kristianstad crop lands and wetland managers to provide efficient and effective management plans.

  • 208.
    Ghahfarokhi, Sina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University.
    Ketzer, Mercelo
    Linnaeus University.
    Yu, Changxun
    Linnaeus University.
    Lindquist, Therese
    Linnaeus University.
    Djerf, Henric
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Åström, Mats
    Linnaeus University.
    Contamination of Kristianstad biosphere reservoir by metal bound sediments2019Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 209.
    Gilles, A.
    et al.
    Germany.
    Siemen, H.
    Germany.
    Svahn, Ola
    Kristianstad University, Plattformen för molekylär analys. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Research environment MoLab. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Björklund, Erland
    Kristianstad University, Plattformen för molekylär analys. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Research environment MoLab.
    Guidance document on the need of removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater in the coastal regions of the South Baltic Sea2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The constant release of pharmaceuticals into the environment can lead to pollution of water and soils which might constitute a risk to human and other living organisms. Residues of common pharmaceuticals such as painkillers, antimicrobials, antidepressants, contraceptives or antiparasitics may enter the environment during manufacturing and disposal processes. The main sources of releases, however, are human consumption and veterinary use. Due to the metabolic stability of some pharmaceuticals up to 90% of the active ingredients are excreted and end up in the wastewater system and finally in the environment – e.g. accumulated in the Baltic Sea and its living organisms.The EU and its Member States have in the past few years increasingly recognised the challenge of pharmaceuticals in the environment (PIE). This is exemplified first and foremost by the European Commission’s Strategic Approach to Pharmaceuticals in the Environment, but also initiatives at the national level aiming at closing main knowledge gaps in the field, comprehensive monitoring systems and more surveys to detect the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in surface and ground water. Moreover, the OECD has recently published a report on pharmaceutical residues in freshwater that calls for a better understanding of the effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment and policy actions.However, this has not yet led to the development of indicators and threshold values at the EU level that aid Member States in implementing systematic monitoring schemes for PIE. As long as this situation persists and as long as we still do not sufficiently understand the effects of pharmaceutical residues on the ecosystem and on human health, the question arises: What can be done about PIE at the regional level? The answer to this lies in the precautionary principle – i.e. taking action to prevent harm to the environment even without having exact knowledge of all facets of the problem.

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  • 210.
    Giusti, Matteo
    et al.
    Stockholm University.
    Svane, Ulrika
    Stockholm University.
    Raymond, Christopher M.
    Swedish University Agricultural Sciences.
    Beery, Thomas H.
    Kristianstad University, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Education, Avdelningen för matematik- och naturvetenskapernas didaktik.
    A framework to assess where and how children connect to nature2018In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 8Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The design of the green infrastructure in urban areas largely ignores how people's relation to nature, or human-nature connection (HNC), can be nurtured. One practical reason for this is the lack of a framework to guide the assessment of where people, and more importantly children, experience significant nature situations and establish nature routines. This paper develops such a framework. We employed a mixed-method approach to understand what qualities of nature situations connect children to nature (RQ1), what constitutes children's HNC (RQ2), and how significant nature situations and children's HNC relate to each other over time (RQ3). We first interviewed professionals in the field of connecting children to nature (N = 26), performed inductive thematic analysis of these interviews, and then further examined the inductive findings by surveying specialists (N = 275). We identified 16 qualities of significant nature situations (e.g., "awe," "engagement of senses," "involvement ofmentors") and 10 abilities that constitute children's HNC (e. g., "feeling comfortable in natural spaces," " feeling attached to natural spaces," "taking care of nature"). We elaborated three principles to answer our research questions: (1) significant nature situations are various and with differing consequences for children's HNC; (2) children's HNC is a complex embodied ability; (3) children's HNC progresses over time through diverse nature routines. Together, these findings form the Assessment framework for Children's Human Nature Situations (ACHUNAS). ACHUNAS is a comprehensive framework that outlines what to quantify or qualify when assessing " child-nature connecting" environments. It guides the assessment of where and how children connect to nature, stimulating both the design of nature-connecting human habitats as well as pedagogical approaches to HNC.

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  • 211.
    Granberg, Albina
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Koka sjuda steka: ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på matlagning i hem- och konsumentkunskap på grundsärskolan2018Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In Swedish schools, the subject Home Economics (HE) is the formal setting for teaching and learning about food and how to cook. All students are obliged to learn HE, but in schools for students with mild intellectual disabilities (ID) students are offered four times as much teaching in the subject than students in regular schools. However, this learning context is underexplored. This thesis aims to create an understanding of what cooking in HE is by studying the teaching content in regard to HE cooking practices for students with mild ID through a sociocultural standpoint. Accompanying observations and qualitative semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. The observations included 16 lessons in HE in schools for students with mild ID. The interviews were conducted with 22 qualified and experienced HE teachers. Field notes from the observations and transcripts from the interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis. A sociocultural perspective, along with the concept of cuisine, constituted the theoretical framework. The findings reveal that the teaching of cooking in HE is focused on one particular artifact, the recipe. This causes difficulties for the students concerning skills related to the design, purport and arithmetic of the recipe. The prominent role of the recipe in cooking in HE was hence captured in a novel concept, recipe literacy. The teachers also reported using a task-centered approach to teaching certain techniques and methods, such as frying, kneading and simmering. The cuisine that is represented in the data from the observations and interviews is framed within baking, primarily sweet baking. The focus on sweet baking and the students’ various difficulties when using recipes limited the possibilities for students to learn how to cook proper meals for everyday life. Thereby, a conscious choice of dishes and attention to didactics is necessary to improve the validity of the subject. By overcoming such obstacles, opportunities can therefore be created for students with mild ID to learn how to cook.

  • 212.
    Granberg, Albina
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Brante, Göran
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment. University of Gothenburg.
    Olsson, Viktoria
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL).
    Mattsson Sydner, Ylva
    Uppsala universitet.
    Knowing how to use and understand recipes: what arithmetical understanding is needed when students with mild intellectual disabilities use recipes in practical cooking lessons in Home Economics?2017In: International Journal of Consumer Studies, ISSN 1470-6431, Vol. 41, no 5, p. 494-500Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to explore what arithmetical understanding is needed when students with mild intellectual disabilities use recipes during practical cooking lessons in Home Economics. The settings were compulsory schools in Sweden attended by students with intellectual disabilities. Sixteen lessons in Home Economics during which cooking took place were observed. In total, 37 students and three teachers participated. All students had a mild intellectual disability. Their ages varied, but most were between 13 and 14 years old. The sociocultural perspective on learning, combined with a literacy framework, was used as a theoretical foundation for the study. Main findings are that students need an arithmetical understanding of (i) how to interpret numbers, (ii) how to interpret and use units, and (iii) how to compute when using recipes. The knowledge and skills needed to be able to use a recipe are featured in the concept recipe literacy, capturing both theoretical, declarative knowledge and the more practical, procedural knowledge. Recipe literacy can be used to theorize the use of recipes when learning to cook, as in Home Economics.

  • 213.
    Granberg, Albina
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Uppsala University.
    Olsson, Viktoria
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL).
    Mattsson Sydner, Ylva
    Uppsala University.
    Teaching and learning cooking skills in Home Economics: what do teachers for students with mild intellectual disabilities consider important to learn?2017In: British Food Journal, ISSN 0007-070X, E-ISSN 1758-4108, Vol. 119, no 5, p. 1067-1078Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore which elements of cooking skills Home Economics (HE) teachers in schools for students withmild intellectual disability (ID) consider important for their students to learn. Design/methodology/approach - In total, 22 qualitative interviews with HE teachers of students with mild ID were conducted. The transcripts were analyzed thematically using the sociocultural approach on learning and knowledge as a theoretical framework. Findings - The elements of cooking skills that were emphasized included mastering the language of cooking, measuring, following recipes, representing an instrumental and task-centered - knowledge on cooking. Practical implications - The results of this study provide an insight into cooking lessons in HE in schools, not only regarding the focus that teachers give to cooking skills, but also to how cooking skills can be understood on a theoretical level. This has implications for both regular schools and schools for students with mild IDs since the elements that teachers consider important then guide what the students are given to learn. Teachers should be conscious that the planning of lessons should also be based on the students' specific circumstances and context. Originality/value - To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that provides knowledge about how HE teachers reason regarding which cooking skills they consider important for students to learn. HE is taught to both children and adolescents, and it is important to investigate teachers' perceptions about the subject and how the teaching is organized, including cooking skills.

  • 214.
    Green, Andy J.
    et al.
    Spanien.
    Elmberg, Johan
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Lovas-Kiss, Adam
    Ungern.
    Beyond scatter-hoarding and frugivory: European corvids as overlooked vectors for a broad range of plants2019In: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, E-ISSN 2296-701X, Vol. 7Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    It is well-known that some members of the crow family (Corvidae) are important for seed dispersal either via frugivory (e.g., when feeding on berries) or by scatter hoarding (e.g., of nuts). Dispersal via gut passage of seeds within a fleshy fruit can be considered "classical endozoochory." However, corvids are rarely recognized as vectors of plants lacking a fleshy fruit, or a large nut (such as plants with a dry achene, capsule or caryopsis). Dispersal of such seeds via gut passage can be considered "non-classical endozoochory." A century ago, Heintze (1917a,b); Heintze (1918) reported on extensive field studies of seed dispersal by 11 species of European Corvidae. His work is overlooked in contemporary reviews of corvid biology. We resurrect his work, which suggests that contemporary views about seed dispersal by corvids are too narrow. Heintze identified 157 plant taxa from 42 families which were dispersed by corvids by endozoochory, as well as another nine taxa only dispersed by synzoochory (which includes scatter-hoarding). Most (54%) of the plant species dispersed by endozoochory lack a fleshy fruit and have previously been assigned to other dispersal syndromes, mainly associated with wind (10%), self-dispersal (22%) or epizoochory (18%). Plants lacking a fleshy fruit were particularly well-represented from the Caryophyllaceae (12 species), Poaceae (14 species), and Polygonaceae (8 species). Of 27 taxa germinated by Heintze from seeds extracted from corvid pellets or feces (71% of those tested), 20 lack a fleshy fruit. Similarly, of 32 taxa he recorded as seedlings having germinated from pellets in the field, 11 lacked a fleshy fruit. However, Heintze's quantitative data show that classical endozoochory is dominant in Magpies Pica pica and Hooded Crows Corvus cornix, for which 97% of seeds dispersed were fleshy-fruited. Corvids overlap with waterfowl as vectors of terrestrial plants dispersed by non-classical endozoochory, and 56 species are dispersed by both corvids and dabbling ducks according to the lists of Heintze and Soons et al. (2016). Finally, Heintze's data show that corvids were already dispersing alien plants in Europe a century ago, such as the North American Dwarf Serviceberry Amelanchier spicata.

  • 215.
    Greinsmark, Carl
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Ransomware2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis researches different ransomwares, how we can stop them and how their threat vectors work. It is important to notice that when solving one ransomware doesn’t solve the next incoming one. In this thesis we investigate six different ransomwares that spread between 2016-2019. We investigate the encryption methods, the different threat vectors, infection spreading and how to prevent from them by doing a theoretical and practical study. The results show that after infection of a ransomware, it encrypts the data instantaneously on the system. Fortunately, to keep information safe there are few prevention methods such as anti-virus software and a few prototypes created that is not currently released one is called PayBreak for Windows 7 and tests to find a solution through flash memory.

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  • 216. Guillemain, M
    et al.
    Söderquist, Pär
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Champagnon, J
    Elmberg, Johan
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758)2020In: Invasive birds: global trends and impacts / [ed] Downs, C.T. & Hart, L.A., Wallingford: CABI International , 2020, p. 194-199Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 217.
    Gulsrud, Natalie M.
    et al.
    Denmark.
    Raymond, Christopher M.
    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
    Rutt, Rebecca L.
    Denmark.
    Stahl Olafson, Anton
    Denmark.
    Plieninger, Tobias
    Denmark.
    Sandberg, Mattias
    University of Gothenburg.
    Beery, Thomas H.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Education, Avdelningen för matematik- och naturvetenskapernas didaktik.
    Jönsson, K. Ingemar
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    ‘Rage against the machine’?: the opportunities and risks concerning the automation of urban green infrastructure2018In: Landscape and Urban Planning, ISSN 0169-2046, E-ISSN 1872-6062, Vol. 180, p. 85-92Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Contemporary society is increasingly impacted by automation; however, few studies have considered the potential consequences of automation on ecosystems and their management (hereafter the automation of urbangreen infrastructure or UGI). This Perspective Essay takes up this discussion by asking how a digital approach to UGI planning and management mediates the configuration and development of UGI and to whose benefit? This is done through a review of key issues and trends in digital approaches to UGI planning and management. We first conceptualize automation from a social, ecological, and technological interactions perspective and use this lens to present an overview of the risks and opportunities of UGI automation with respect to selected case studies. Results of this analysis are used to develop a conceptual framework for the assessment of the material and governance implications of automated UGIs. We find that, within any given perspective, the automation of UGI entails a complex dialectic between efficiency, human agency and empowerment. Further, risks and opportunities associated with UGI automation are not fixed but are dynamic properties of changing contextual tensions concerning power, actors, rules of the game and discourse at multiple scales. We conclude the paper by outlining a research agenda on how to consider different digital advances within a social-ecological-technological approach.

  • 218.
    Gulsrud, Natalie
    et al.
    University of Copenhagen.
    Raymond, Christopher
    SLU, Alnarp.
    Rutt, Rebecca
    University of Copenhagen.
    Stahl Olafsson, Anton
    University of Copenhagen.
    Plieninger, Tobias
    University of Göttingen, University of Kassel.
    Sandberg, Mattias
    Göteborgs Universitet.
    Beery, Thomas
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Education, Avdelningen för matematik- och naturvetenskapernas didaktik.
    Jönsson, K. Ingemar
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    ‘Rage against the machine’? The opportunities and risks concerning the automation of urban green infrastructure2019In: ISPM 2019: Let the People Map. Book of Abstracts., 2019, p. 25-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Contemporary society is increasingly impacted by automation; however, few studies have considered the potential consequences of automation on ecosystems and their management (hereafter the automation of urban green infrastructure or UGI). This Perspective Essay takes up this discussion by asking how a digital approach to UGI planning and management mediates the configuration and development of UGI and to whose benefit? This is done through a review of key issues and trends in digital approaches to UGI planning and management. We first conceptualize automation from a social, ecological, and technological interactions perspective and use this lens to present an overview of the risks and opportunities of UGI automation with respect to selected case studies. Results of this analysis are used to develop a conceptual framework for the assessment of the material and governance implications of automated UGIs. We find that, within any given perspective, the automation of UGI entails a complex dialectic between efficiency, human agency and empowerment. Further, risks and opportunities associated with UGI automation are not fixed but are dynamic properties of changing contextual tensions concerning power, actors, rules of the game and discourse at multiple scales. We conclude the paper by outlining a research agenda on how to consider different digital advances within a social-ecological-technological approach.

  • 219.
    Gustafsson, Emelie
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences.
    Naturbaserade klimatanpassningsåtgärder längst kusten: kunskapsunderlag för Halmstad kommun2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Jordens temperaturökning ökar genom utsläpp av växthusgaser. Ökningen smälter inlandsisarna och Antarktis samt expanderar havet vilket höjer havsnivån och påverkar erosion. Denna havsnivåhöjning med tilläggande stormar höjer havsnivån markant och påverkar kustkommuner. Olika RCP scenarion är framtagna för att förutse hur framtiden kommer att se ut år 2100. Vilken av RCP scenarion som kan inträffa beror på hur klimatpolitiken och utsläppen fortskrider.

    Syftet är att skapa ett kunskapsunderlag för Halmstad kommun med föreslagna naturbaserade klimatanpassningsåtgärder utmed kusten. Arbetet fokuseras på omvärldsanalys, vilket genomförts i form av intervjuer från kustkommuner och litteraturstudie från rapporter. Naturbaserade klimatanpassningsåtgärder har funktionen att skydda mot havshöjning och erosion men ökar även biologisk mångfald samt skapar rekreation. Redovisade åtgärder är sandstaket, ålgräs, vegetation på strandplanet, klitterövergångar och kustnära våtmarker. Genom att introducera dessa åtgärder skyddas kusten genom att de binder sand, skapar dynor, stärker dynor från nedtrampning och minskar vågenergin. Åtgärdernas för- och nackdelar, kostnad, underhåll, effekt och risker sammanfattas i en avslutande tabell. Genom att analysera Halmstads kust i erosion och havshöjning grundas rekommendationer till föreslagna åtgärder. Implementering av ätgärderna efterfrågar noga studier i lokala förutsättningar för att åtgärden ska nå sin fulla funktion.

    Kommunens arbete med att genomföra klimatanpassningsåtgärder berör flera aktörer vilket gemensamhetsanläggningar rekommenderas som en del i det strategiska arbetet. Gemensamhetsanläggningar skapar finansieringslättnader genom att fler bekostar åtgärden och ökar samverkan i kommunen, vilket gynnar kommunens framtidsvision med att nå 150 000 invånare år 2050.

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  • 220.
    Gustafsson, Emmy
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Olsson, Caroline
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Fossil åkermarks synlighet i LIDAR: fossil åkermarks visuella potential iförhållande till vanliga typer av marktäcket2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The attention and interest in LIDAR data has grown considerably during the 2000s. As a well-established distance analysis method, it presents results to study and the critical question is "How good is the result to study?". I several previous publications there often is an uncritical and positive attitude to the technology. Beneficial results are emphasized instead of critical reviews of the whole technology. Early in the process, there are several different aspects, which can be disruptive moments. How the scan of LIDAR is organized, as well as the post-treatment process. The chosen ancient type of fossil arable land can be problematic. The complex systems of the fossil farmland can be hidden with incorrect visualization. Combining altitude models based on Hillshade and Slope prevents the fossil farmland system from being concealed. Another aspect to consider is vegetation. In our question we want to investigate how common types of vegetation affect visibility. We chose to use the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency's ground cover data and have looked at three different vegetation types. Spruce forest (outside wetland), Nobel deciduous forest (outside wetland) and Temporary non forest (outside wetland). Of the three vegetation types, Temporary non forest (outside wetland) presents difficulties in visualization, the quality of the ground surface in the height model varies considerably. Spruce forest (outside wetlands) has opportunities, however the results can be varied. Noble deciduous forest (outside wetland) has the simplest material for interpreting, with remains that have not previously been registered with FMIS.

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  • 221.
    Gustafsson, Linda
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences.
    Hanna, Gustafsson
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences.
    Vatten och bröd eller näringsriktiga och klimatanpassade måltider?: en deskriptiv studie av måltiderna på ett svenskt häkte2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Måltiden som frihetsberövad är komplex och det finns många aspekter att beakta. Förutom att maten ska vara god för att hamna i magen så behöver den också vara hälsofrämjande för individen. Måltiderna inom Kriminalvården har inte tidigare studerats och detta öppnar upp för ett helt nytt område av studier kopplat till mat- och måltider. Kriminalvården är en dold aktör inom den offentliga måltidsverksamheten eftersom de inte omfattas av Livsmedelsverkets uppdrag och nationella riktlinjer som stödjer andra offentliga måltidsaktörer inom vård, skola och omsorg. Syftet med denna studie är att göra en undersökning av hur måltiderna på ett svenskt häkte förhåller sig till Nordiska näringsrekommendationerna 2012 samt Kriminalvårdens miljömål. I studien har enkäter delats ut till intagna på det undersökta häktet, näringsvärdesberäkningar har gjorts på en veckas matsedel och semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med nyckelpersoner som arbetar på Högskolan Kristianstad. Resultaten visade ett högt energiinnehåll på måltiderna som serveras och att medelvärdet på BMI indikerade på måttlig övervikt hos de intagna. Trots utmaningar och begränsande faktorer såsom mycket specialkost, strama ramavtal och budgetmål är personalens ambition att maten ska vara god och lagad från grunden. Dessutom ska de även förhålla sig till miljömål och certifieringskraven de har för att få titeln “Grönt Häkte”, något som de i dagsläget uppfyller. Utifrån denna studie kan slutsatsen dras att det finns stor utvecklingspotential för måltiderna inom Kriminalvården och att det undersökta häktet inte helt når upp till det som de Nordiska Näringsrekommendationerna 2012 rekommenderar

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  • 222.
    Gustafsson, Matilda
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Mikkelsen, Florina
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    "Kanske för mycket vetebröd": Attityder till och vanor kring mellanmål bland personer över 65 år2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Food and meals are of great importance for preventing age-related health problems. Older adults need more dietary protein to support good health and a snack is a great way for them to get more protein. Studying attitudes and habits among people over the age of 65 can provide a deeper understanding of what kind of food and snacks choices they make. This can also be used as a basis for health promotion intended for elderly people. Aim: To study attitudes and habits towards snacks among people over 65 years. The questions asked in the study focused on what factors influencing the choices of snacks, if high-protein dairy products are eaten as a snack and how these products are regarded. Material and method: A quantitative study was conducted using a survey, where a convenience sampling was made. Results: A majority ate one-two snacks per day and these mostly consisted of fruit/vegetables, sandwiches or cookies/pastries. The main motive for snacking was to drink forenoon/afternoon coffee. There was some difference between men and women when it came to attitudes to snacks. The factors that affected the choices of snacks the most were that they should be tasty, simple and healthy. That the snack should be high in protein was of least importance. Conclusion: Snacking was associated with drinking forenoon/afternoon coffee and consequently future efforts to promote and develop protein-enriched cakes, cookies and pastries can help people over 65 years to easier acquire their protein need. Awareness about the importance of high-protein snacks appears to be lacking in the targeted population, however the generalisation of the results from this study is limited because of the convenience sampling.

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  • 223.
    Gyllenhak, Ebba
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences.
    Hyvlad utvändig panel: Kulturarvet som ställer kvalitetskrav på skogsskötseln2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This paper aims to start a discussion about the forest as a producer of quality building materials, where the cultural heritage of planed panels is the gateway to a deeper understanding of future building- and forestry culture in Sweden. Using a qualitative research method, carpenters, foresters and raw materials processors have been asked to give their views on the current situation and the future of sustainable use of forest resources through sustainable construction. The paper aims to give a landscape perspective on experiential construction. Building with wood is regarded as better from a climate point of view than building with concrete. The paper broadens the conclusion that it could even be more sustainable to build with tradition and thus quality timber.

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  • 224.
    Gårdefalk, Louise
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Förändringar i jordbrukslandskapet och fältviltspopulationens utveckling på Högestads gods, Skåne 1923-19752019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Studien undersöker om landskapsförändringar som skett i jordbrukslandskapet under 1900-talet kan ha ett samband med fältviltspopulationens minskning under 1900-talet. Fältvilt är ett begrepp för arter som lever i det öppna jordbrukslandskapet, rapphöna, fasan och fälthare är arter som ingår i gruppen fältvilt. I studien undersöks också populationerna för rådjur och gräsand, då det är arter som förekommer i det öppna odlingslandskapet. Studieperioden är åren 1923-1975. Flygfoto över Högestads gods från åren 1938,1957 och 1975 används i arbetet. Flygfotona har använts till att utläsa vilka landskapsförändringar som skett i området under studieperioden. Studien baseras också på avskjutningsstatistik för godset från åren 1923-1969, sammanställd av Skånska Jägarsällskapet. Under denna period har det skett landskapsförändringar i hela Sverige och så även i skånska Högestad. Undersökningsområdet har genomgått en stor förändring i jordbrukslandskapet under studieperioden; åkermarken har gått från mindre naturanpassade fält till större rektangulära sammanhängande ytor. I och med detta bör andelen och mängden kantzoner minskat. Kantzonerna är på många sätt en viktig faktor i landskapet för fältviltet. Studien undersöker också om predatorer som rödräv och grävling har någon påverkan på arterna som nämns ovan. Denna undersökning tyder på att rapphönan har påverkats mer av landskapsförändringar än av predation från räv och grävling. Fältharen tycks å andra sidan ha blivit påverkad av predation från räv. Möjligtvis har tillgången på fälthare varit bättre och de kan därför ha blivit ett relativt enkelt byte för räven. Den minskande andelen kantzoner kan vara en av faktorerna till rapphönsstammens minskning. Minskar kantzonerna minskar också växtdelar och insekter som rapphönan livnär sig på. Kantzonerna är också ett bra skydd mot predatorer och rovfåglar för viltet som lever i det öppna jordbrukslandskapet. Om dessa arter ska finnas kvar i landskapet i framtiden bör mer fokus riktas på att förbättra deras livsmiljöer.

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  • 225.
    Göransson, Emilia
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Preschool Staff perception of the pedagogical meal: A mixed methods study of the pedagogical work with meals in Swedish preschools from 2005 to 20202020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Meals in Swedish preschools has undergone change between 2005 and 2020 regarding meals as important pedagogical tools. Due to new guidelines for conducting preschool meals presented by the Swedish Food Agency an increased focus has been placed on pedagogy during the meals to help develop the minds of young children. Previous research has shown that preschool staff had little to no education on food and meal or how to conduct pedagogical meals. To understand how the preschool staff, perceive the pedagogical meal and how it has changed over time, a convergent mixed method with a survey and interviews was used. The results showed that the staff does not have formal education on food, meal and how to conduct pedagogical meals, but instead rely on peer learning. They perceive themselves as role models in forming a positive relationship with the social and nutritional aspects of food and meal. While their job has many positive aspects, they face challenges with stress and increasing child groups. As the role of preschool staff has changed, from making sure children eat, to socially participating in the meal, the guidelines have changed alongside the role. 

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  • 226.
    Haatveit, Beathe
    et al.
    Norge.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Psykologi. Kristianstad University, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Alnæs, Dag
    Norge.
    Kaufmann, Tobias
    Norge.
    Brandt, Christine L.
    Norge.
    Thoresen, Christian
    Norge.
    Andreassen, Ole A.
    Norge.
    Melle, Ingrid
    Norge.
    Ueland, Torill
    Norge.
    Westlye, Lars T.
    Norge.
    Reduced load-dependent default mode network deactivation across executive tasks in schizophrenia spectrum disorders2016In: NeuroImage: Clinical, E-ISSN 2213-1582, Vol. 12, p. 389-396Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is associated with cognitive impairment and brain network dysconnectivity. Recent efforts have explored brain circuits underlying cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia and documented altered activation of large-scale brain networks, including the task-positive network (TPN) and the task-negative default mode network (DMN) in response to cognitive demands. However, to what extent TPN and DMN dysfunction reflect overlapping mechanisms and are dependent on cognitive state remain to be determined.

    METHODS: In the current study, we investigated the recruitment of TPN and DMN using independent component analysis in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 29) and healthy controls (n = 21) during two different executive tasks probing planning/problem-solving and spatial working memory.

    RESULTS: We found reduced load-dependent DMN deactivation across tasks in patients compared to controls. Furthermore, we observed only moderate associations between the TPN and DMN activation across groups, implying that the two networks reflect partly independent mechanisms. Additionally, whereas TPN activation was associated with task performance in both tasks, no such associations were found for DMN.

    CONCLUSION: These results support a general load-dependent DMN dysfunction in schizophrenia spectrum disorder across two demanding executive tasks that is not merely an epiphenomenon of cognitive dysfunction.

  • 227.
    Hagbard, Oscar
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    ”Äghornas kringgiärde är af steen”: Hägnadernas utformning före skiftesreformerna i Äskhults by och norra Halland2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Äskhults by är idag ett kulturreservat och sedan 1990-talet har omfattande restaureringar gjorts, både i markerna och med byggnaderna. Ett mål för arbete i Äskhult är att återskapa landskapet så som det såg ut före skiftesreformerna. Därför har man använt skifteskartan från 1825 som utgångspunkt i restaureringsarbetet. Syftet med denna uppsats är att dra slutsatser kring hur hägnaderna såg ut under 1700-talet i denna trakten och därmed även bidra till arbetet med kulturreservatet. För att svara på frågor om hur hägnaderna såg ut före skiftesreformerna i norra Halland och varför vissa hägnadstyper förekom har Hallands landsbeskrifning från 1729 och geometriska avmätningar av Johan Söderlingh studerats. Källmaterialet indikerar att den dominerande hägnadstypen är av sten oavsett tillgången till material. Det förekommer dock trähägnader i området och då är det främst i form av ris. Det går att dra paralleller mellan trähägnadernas utbredning och förekomsten av skog i området. Skogsområdena ligger mot gränsen till Västergötland. En annan aspekt som kan ha påverkat förekomst och utformning av hägnader och som troligen inte syns i källmaterialet är tillfälliga hägnader. Tillfälliga hägnader kunde användas bland annat vid ljungbränning, efterbete eller tillfälliga kålgårdar. Därför borde det även funnits tillfälliga hägnader omkring Äskhult. Slutsatsen är dock att stenhägnader troligen var dominerande i området kring Äskhult.

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  • 228.
    Hallberg, Daniel
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences.
    Friluftsliv, plats och landskap: En undersökning via mobilapplikationen ARK562021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the thesis is to investigate how the use of the mobile application ARK56, has affected the user's outdoor recreation, place attachment, and landscape identity in the Blekinge Archipelago area. The ARK56 project was developed in conjunction with the biosphere reserve,  as a network of trails for outdoor recreation and activities linked to the business community in the area. The mobile application ARK56 has an important part in this project and contains an interactive mapping tool based on the Nature Map, and filter functions give the user the opportunity to customize the information presented in the mobile application. Previous studies on mobile phone use in outdoor recreation show that accessibility to areas has increased, but that technology can also affect how we perceive the outside world. Studies on how attachment and identity can affect residents' stance on issues concerning place and landscape in a biosphere reserve also show the importance of disseminating information. As there is a lack of research on how a mobile application such as ARK56 affects outdoor recreation, place attachment, and landscape identity, a web-based survey was created which was sent out in the mobile application's news feed. This survey was aimed at users within the municipalities in Blekinge Archipelago, where the survey included questions about outdoor recreation, place attachment, and landscape identity linked to the use of the mobile application. The results show that over eighty percent of the users have visited a place they have not been to before, and more than half of the respondents believe that the mobile application ARK56 has contributed to more outdoor visits. The results also show a complex and highly individualized place attachment. Further, results also reveal user landscape identity inclusive of place characteristics that are sensitive to future changes.

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  • 229.
    Halldén, Christer
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Knobe, K. E.
    Departments of Pediatrics and Malmö Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö.
    Sjörin, E.
    Departments of Pediatrics and Malmö Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö.
    Nilsson, Daniel
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Ljung, R.
    Departments of Pediatrics and Malmö Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö.
    Investigation of disease-associated factors in haemophilia A patients without detectable mutations2012In: Haemophilia, ISSN 1351-8216, E-ISSN 1365-2516, Vol. 18, no 3, p. e132-e137Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To investigate disease causing mechanism in haemophilia A patients without detectable mutation. Screening for F8 mutations in 307 haemophilia A patients using: re-sequencing and inversion PCR, reverse transcription (RT-PCR) of mRNA, MLPA analysis, haplotyping using SNP and microsatellite markers. No F8 mutations were detected in 9 of the 307 patients (2.9%) using re-sequencing and inversion PCR. MLPA analysis detected duplication in exon 6 in one patient and RT-PCR showed no products for different regions of mRNA in four other patients, indicating failed transcription. No obvious associations were observed between the phenotypes of the nine patients, their F8 haplotypes and the putative mutations detected. The mutation-positive patients carrying the same haplotypes as the mutation-negative patients show a multitude of different mutations, emphasizing the lack of associations at the haplotype level. VWF mutation screening and factor V measurements ruled out type 2N VWD and combined factor V and VIII deficiency respectively. To further investigate a possible role for FVIII interacting factors the haplotypes/diplotypes of F2, F9, F10 and VWF were compared. The nine patients had no specific haplotype/diplotype combination in common that can explain disease. Duplications and faulty transcription contribute to the mutational spectrum of haemophilia A patients where conventional mutation screening fail to identify mutations.

  • 230.
    Halldén, Christer
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Mårtensson, A.
    Department of Paediatrics and Malmö Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö.
    Nilsson, Daniel
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Säll, T.
    Department of Biology, Lund University.
    Lind-Halldén, Christina
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Lidén, Annika C.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Ljung, R.
    Department of Paediatrics and Malmö Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö.
    Origin of Swedish hemophilia B mutations2013In: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, ISSN 1538-7933, E-ISSN 1538-7836, Vol. 11, no 11, p. 2001-2008Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: More than 1100 mutations that cause hemophilia B (HB) have been identified. At the same time, specific F9 mutations are present at high frequencies in certain populations, which raise questions about the origin of HB mutations.

    OBJECTIVES: To describe the mutation spectrum of all HB families in Sweden and investigate if mutations appearing in several families are due to independent recurrent mutations (RMs) or to a common mutation event (i.e. are identical by descent (IBD)).

    PATIENTS/METHODS: The registered Swedish HB population consists of patients from 86 families. Mutations were identified by resequencing and identical haplotypes were defined using 74 markers and a control population of 285 individuals. The ages of IBD mutations were estimated using ESTIAGE.

    RESULTS: Out of 77 presumably unrelated patients with substitution mutations, 47 patients (61%) had mutations in common with other patients. Haplotyping of the 47 patients showed that 24 patients had IBD mutations (51%) with estimated ages of between two and 23 generations. A majority of these patients had mild disease. Eight of the 15 mutations observed in more than one family were C>T transitions in CpG sites and all eight were RMs.

    CONCLUSIONS: The association of IBD mutations with a mild phenotype is similar to what has been previously observed in hemophilia A. Noteworthy features of the mutations that are common to more than one family are the equal proportions of patients with RM and IBD mutations and the correlation between the occurrence of RMs and C>T transitions at CpG sites.

  • 231.
    Halldén, Christer
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Nilsson, Daniel
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Säll, Torbjorn
    Department of Biology, Lund University.
    Lind-Halldén, Christina
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Lidén, Annika C.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Ljung, R.
    Department of Pediatrics and Malmö Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Lund University.
    Origin of Swedish hemophilia A mutations2012In: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, ISSN 1538-7933, E-ISSN 1538-7836, Vol. 10, no 12, p. 2503-2511Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     Background: Hemophilia A (HA) has a high level of variation within the disease class, with more than 1000 mutations being listed in the HAMSTeRS database. At the same time a number of F8 mutations are present in specific populations at high frequencies. Objectives: The simultaneous presence of large numbers of rare mutations and a small number of high-frequency mutations raises questions about the origins of HA mutations. The present study was aimed at describing the origins of HA mutations in the complete Swedish population. The primary issue was to determine what proportion of identical mutations are identical by descent (IBD) and what proportion are attributable to recurrent mutation events. The age of IBD mutations was also determined. Patients/Methods: In Sweden, the care of HA is centralized, and the Swedish HA population consists of ∼ 750 patients from > 300 families (35% severe, 15% moderate, and 50% mild). Identical haplotypes were defined by single-nucleotide polymorphism and microsatellite haplotyping, and the ages of the mutations were estimated with estiage. Results: Among 212 presumably unrelated patients with substitution mutations, 97 (46%) had mutations in common with other patients. Haplotyping of the 97 patients showed that 47 had IBD mutations (22%) with estimated ages of between two and 35 generations. The frequency of mild disease increased with an increasing number of patients sharing the mutations. Conclusions: A majority of the IBD mutations are mild and have age estimates of a few hundred years, but some could date back to the Middle Ages.

  • 232.
    Hallin, Fredrik
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Consumer associations and preferences surrounding insects as food: a descriptive study of South Africa and Sweden2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Insects as food is a subject that has gained a lot of attention in recent time. In order for insect-food to become popular in the west, where insects are currently not consumed, research has to be done on how consumers perceive insect-food, and which consumer groups that eat insects in other countries. This will give a picture of how insects can and should be used on the Swedish market. The purpose of the thesis is to research consumer associations and preferences of insect consumption in Sweden and South Africa. The study examines the question of which consumer groups that eat insects in either country, what associations and preferences consumers have of insect-eating, and how insects can be used in food in the future. An online questionnaire concerning associations, preferences and experiences of insect consumption was distributed in both countries, and was answered by 73 participants. Three producers of insects were interviewed in Sweden and South Africa to get an understanding of the production stage of insects and their experiences of the industry and the consumers, now and in the future. Entomophagy was not found to be more prevalent in any group in neither Sweden nor South Africa. When used in food, consumers prefer insects to be ground into a powder. The South African respondents who had previously eaten insects mainly as an everyday meal preferred the insects to be served whole while the others preferred the insects to be ground into a powder. Insects are often associated with being nutritious, cheap, and being environmentally friendly, as well as with unfamiliarity and disgust.

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  • 233.
    Hansen, M.
    et al.
    University of California Berkeley.
    Popovic, O.
    University of Copenhagen.
    Björklund, Erland
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Plattformen för molekylär analys. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment MoLab.
    Krogh, K.
    University of Copenhagen.
    Stoumann, L.
    University of Copenhagen.
    Jacobsen, C.S.
    Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland.
    Halling-Sørensen, B.
    University of Copenhagen.
    Impact of animal manure separation technologies on steriod hormone distribution: consequences for agricultural practices2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    When steroid hormones are emitted into the environment, they may have harmful effects on the reproduction system of aquatic life. Until now, research has primarily focused on human excretion, demonstrating that steroid hormones reach the aquatic environment due to insufficient removal in waste water treatment processes. However more recently, it has been revealed that agricultural practices also may add to the environmental burden of steroid hormones. So far, research activities have mainly focused on steroid estrogens, but also androgens, progestagens and glucocorticoids, expressed in the vertebrate steroidogenesis, may occur at substantial levels in animal manure and should be addressed. In agricultural practices the animal manure can be applied to the soil as raw manure, but also as a solid or liquid manure fraction, since current livestock production facilities utilizes a recently developed technology, which separates raw animal manure into a solid and a liquid fraction.This technology offers an improved handling and refined distribution of the manure nutrients to the farmlands and the possibility to reduce the environmental impact of manure nutrients, especially avoiding the surplus load of phosphorous. In the present work we investigated the distribution of 9 steroid hormones (pregnenolone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estrone, 17α-estradiol and 17β-estradiol) in raw manure and manure separates from 10 to 15 different pig farms in Denmark utilizing 4 different separation technologies. Furthermore, we investigated a possible relationship between the steroid hormone concentration and the different manure fractions and separation technologies. The chemical steroid hormone analysis was done by inverse and integrated clean-up pressurized liquid extraction, and further cleaned by a two step solid-phase extraction before derivatization and finally analyzed by GC-MS/MS.It was found that the steroid hormones were predominant in the solid manure separate calling for manure management strategies to reduce the content of steroid hormones in separated manure solid fraction. This could potentially be achieved through composting or anaerobic digestion for biogas production of the solid fraction; however, the effects of these technologies on steroid hormones need to be verified.

  • 234.
    Hansen, Martin
    et al.
    Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen.
    Björklund, Erland
    Kristianstad University, Plattformen för molekylär analys. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment MoLab. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen.
    Popovic, Olga
    Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen.
    Jensen, Lars S.
    Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen.
    Jacobsen, Carsten S.
    Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS).
    Sedlak, David L.
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley.
    Halling-Sørensen, Bent
    Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen.
    Animal manure separation technologies diminish the environmental burden of steroid hormones2015In: Environmental Science and Technology Letters, E-ISSN 2328-8930, Vol. 2, no 4, p. 133-137Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Newly developed treatment technologies are capable of separating livestock manure into a liquid fraction and a solid fraction using sedimentation, mechanical, and/or chemical methods. These technologies offer a potential means of distributing nutrients to agricultural lands without the unwanted environmental risks associated with the release of steroid hormones to adjacent waterways. To assess the potential benefit of these technologies in reducing the level of release of steroid hormones to adjacent waterways, distribution profiles of nine steroid hormones (pregnenolone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estrone, 17α-estradiol, and 17β-estradiol) were determined in raw swine manure, and in solid and liquid fractions separated from ten full-scale manure separation systems. Steroid hormone concentrations, normalized for nitrogen content, were significantly higher in separated solids than in liquids. If separated liquids are applied instead of raw manure, steroid hormone loading can be reduced by a factor of 2 at a constant nitrogen fertilization level.

  • 235.
    Hansen, Martin
    et al.
    Institut for Farmaci, Københavns Universitet.
    Rodríguez-Navas, Carlos
    University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
    Björklund, Erland
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Plattformen för molekylär analys. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment MoLab.
    Lægemidler i vandmiljøet på Mallorca2013In: Dansk kemi, ISSN 0011-6335, Vol. 94, no 8, p. 24-27Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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  • 236.
    Hanspach, Jan
    et al.
    Tyskland.
    Haide, Lisbeth Jamila
    Stockholms universitet.
    Oteros-Rozas, Elisa
    Spanien.
    Olafsson, Anton Stahl
    Danmark.
    Gulsrud, Natalie M.
    Danmark.
    Raymond, Christopher M.
    Finland.
    Toralba, Mario
    Tyskland.
    Martín-López, Berta
    Tyskland.
    Bieling, Claudia
    Tyskland.
    García-Martín, María
    Tyskland.
    Albert, Christian
    Tyskland.
    Beery, Thomas H.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Education, Department of Mathematics and Science Education.
    Fagerholm, Nora
    Finland.
    Díaz-Reviriego, Isabel
    Tyskland.
    Drews-Shambroom, Annika
    Tyskland.
    Plieninger, Tobias
    Tyskland.
    Biocultural approaches to sustainability: a systematic review of the scientific literature2020In: People and Nature, ISSN 2575-8314, Vol. 2, no 3, p. 643-659Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    1.  Current sustainability challenges demand approaches that acknowledge a plurality of human–nature interactions and worldviews, for which biocultural approaches are considered appropriate and timely.

    2.  This systematic review analyses the application of biocultural approaches to sus-tainability in scientific journal articles published between 1990 and 2018 through a mixed methods approach combining qualitative content analysis and quantita-tive multivariate methods.

    3.  The study identifies seven  distinct  biocultural lenses,  that is,  different ways  of understanding  and applying biocultural  approaches,  which to different degrees consider the key aspects  of sustainability science—inter- and transdisciplinarity, social justice and normativity.

    4.  The review suggests that biocultural approaches in sustainability science need to move from describing  how nature  and culture are co-produced  to co-producing knowledge for sustainability solutions, and in so doing, better account for questions of power, gender and transformations, which has been largely neglected thus far

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  • 237.
    Hasanaj, Rilind
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Abuhemidan, Ahmed
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Air-quality sensor with 10-years lifespan2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Sensors with very low power consumption are required so that they can last a long time without the need to replace the batteries very often. Low power sensors can save significant cost and time incurred in battery replacement, especially in establishments and organizations that span over several buildings, floors and rooms. In this thesis, we investigate the use of the low-power wireless protocol Z-wave for sensors solutions that can last for approximately 10 years. An algorithm was created and we concluded that 10 years on a 480 mAh battery is not possible and the expected years need to be lowered or we need to increase the battery capacity.

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  • 238.
    Hellman, Johan
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences.
    Strategisk samordning för vattenvårdsprojekt: Fungerande verktyg för effektiva åtgärder och samverkan2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    A watercare project often brings several stakeholders who are driven by separate interests an need to collaborate to achieve common goals and assure acceptance in society. Economic, environmental, social and political dimensions have been identified by Stockholm Water Institute as dimentions to achieve a sustainable water management. An increased focus on collaboration for watercare projects is today asked by authorities and actors. The report shows that a strategic coordination through mapping stakeholders and systematic use of analysis tools in an early stage can identify and develop priority measures and identify the potential of collaboration to achieve effective measures for a watercare project.

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  • 239.
    Hellström, Line
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Framställning och vidareympning av gårdskultur: Vad skiljer en yoghurt fermenterad av gårdens egen bakterieflora från industriell och traditionell yoghurt?2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: With industrialization, the traditional yoghurt cultures with a multitude of lactic acid bacteria had to make way for the more standardized. An artisanal farm culture is produced by raw milk spontaneously fermented by the farm's own bacterial flora and thus develops a unique character. The bacterial culture can then be inoculated for the production of yoghurt.Purpose: The pupose of the study is to produce and inoculate as well as sensory and microbiological characterization of a thermophilic artisanal farm culture from raw milk. The inoculation relates to the production of yoghurt fermented by the farm's own bacterial flora.Method: The artisanal farm culture was produced and inoculated into yoghurt which was assessed by microbiological characterization, antibiotic resistance, sensory profiling and then compared with industrial culture and a traditional heirloom culture.Result: The result showed that the artisanal farm culture differed both microbiologically and with regard to sensory paramters. The farm culture contained strains of enterococci which did not show resistance to analyzed antibiotics.Conclusion: It is possible to produce an artisanal farm culture of good microbiological and sensory quality. The artisanal farm culture provides a differentiated microbiological and sensory character in comparison to an industrial culture and a traditional heirloom culture The method may be risky and the culture should be analyzed for pathogens. A unique farm yoghurt can be a method for artisan farm dairies to build their brand based on terroir.

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  • 240.
    Henmyr, Viktor
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin. Lund University.
    Carlberg, Daniel
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Manderstedt, Eric
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Plattformen för molekylär analys. Lund University.
    Lind-Halldén, Christina
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Säll, T.
    Lund University.
    Cardell, L. O.
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Halldén, Christer
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Genetic variation of the toll-like receptors in a Swedish allergic rhinitis case population2017In: BMC Medical Genetics, E-ISSN 1471-2350, Vol. 18, no 1, article id 18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Variation in the 10 toll-like receptor (TLR) genes has been significantly associated with allergic rhinitis (AR) in several candidate gene studies and three large genome-wide association studies. These have all investigated common variants, but no investigations for rare variants (MAF ≤ 1%) have been made in AR. The present study aims to describe the genetic variation of the promoter and coding sequences of the 10 TLR genes in 288 AR patients.

    METHODS: Sanger sequencing and Ion Torrent next-generation sequencing was used to identify polymorphisms in a Swedish AR population and these were subsequently compared and evaluated using 1000Genomes and Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) data.

    RESULTS: The overall level of genetic variation was clearly different among the 10 TLR genes. The TLR10-TLR1-TLR6 locus was the most variable, while the TLR7-TLR8 locus was consistently showing a much lower level of variation. The AR patients had a total of 37 promoter polymorphisms with 14 rare (MAF ≤ 1%) and 14 AR-specific polymorphisms. These numbers were highly similar when comparing the AR and the European part of the 1000Genomes populations, with the exception of TLR10 where a significant (P = 0.00009) accumulation of polymorphisms were identified. The coding sequences had a total of 119 polymorphisms, 68 were rare and 43 were not present in the European part of the 1000Genomes population. Comparing the numbers of rare and AR-specific SNPs in the patients with the European part of the 1000Genomes population it was seen that the numbers were quite similar both for individual genes and for the sum of all 10 genes. However, TLR1, TLR5, TLR7 and TLR9 showed a significant excess of rare variants in the AR population when compared to the non-Finnish European part of ExAC. In particular the TLR1 S324* nonsense mutation was clearly overrepresented in the AR population.

    CONCLUSIONS: Most TLR genes showed a similar level of variation between AR patients and public databases, but a significant excess of rare variants in AR patients were detected in TLR1, TLR5, TLR7, TLR9 and TLR10. This further emphasizes the frequently reproduced TLR10-TLR1-TLR6 locus as being involved in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.

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  • 241.
    Henmyr, Viktor
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Lind-Halldén, Christina
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Halldén, Christer
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Säll, Torbjörn
    Lund University.
    Carlberg, Daniel
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Biomedicin.
    Bachert, Claus
    Belgien.
    Cardell, Lars-Olaf
    Karolinska institutet.
    Chronic rhinosinusitis patients show accumulation of genetic variants in PARS22016In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 11, no 6, article id e0158202Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Genetic studies of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have identified a total of 53 CRS-associated SNPs that were subsequently evaluated for their reproducibility in a recent study. The rs2873551 SNP in linkage disequilibrium with PARS2 showed the strongest association signal. The present study aims to comprehensively screen for rare variants in PARS2 and evaluate for accumulation of such variants in CRS-patients. Sanger sequencing and long-range PCR were used to screen for rare variants in the putative promoter region and coding sequence of 310 CRS-patients and a total of 21 variants were detected. The mutation spectrum was then compared with data from European populations of the 1000Genomes project (EUR) and the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC). The CRS population showed a significant surplus of low-frequency variants compared with ExAC data. Haplotype analysis of the region showed a significant excess of rare haplotypes in the CRS population compared to the EUR population. Two missense mutations were also genotyped in the 310 CRS patients and 372 CRS-negative controls, but no associations with the disease were found. This is the first re-sequencing study in CRS research and also the first study to show an association of rare variants with the disease.

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  • 242.
    Henric, Djerf
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Teknisk slutrapport: en vik i Sjöriket Skåne2021Report (Other academic)
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  • 243.
    Hernroth, Bodil
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). KVA.
    Baden, S
    Gothenburg University.
    Tassidis, Helena
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Hörnaeus, K
    Uppsala University.
    Guillemant, J
    Uppsala University.
    Bergström Lind, S
    Uppsala University.
    Bergquist, J
    Uppsala University.
    Impact of oceanacidification on antimicrobial activity in gills of the blue mussel (Mytilusedulis)2016In: Fish and Shellfish Immunology, ISSN 1050-4648, E-ISSN 1095-9947, Vol. 55, p. 452-459Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 244.
    Hernroth, Bodil
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Baden, Susanne
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Sjukare skaldjur i framtidens hav2018In: HavsUtsik, Vol. 01Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Klimatförändringarna försämrar immunförsvaret hos kräftor, musslor och sjöstjärnor, och gör att de lättare får infektioner. De smittsamma bakterierna och virusen ser däremot inte ut att fara illa i den förändrade miljön. En dålig kombination för ekosystemet, och för oss konsumenter av marina skaldjur.

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  • 245.
    Hernroth, Bodil
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Collin, Betty
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Kan klimatförändringen öka smitta av infektionssjukdomar via havsvatten?2018In: Man and Biosphere Health: en komplett akademisk miljö / [ed] Ann-Sofi Rehnstam Holm, Kristianstad: Högskolan Kristianstad , 2018, p. 22-33Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    De pågående klimatförändringarna gör haven allt varmare ochsurare. Dessutom förväntas perioder av intensiva regn att öka, v et bidrar till högre koncentrationer av näringsämnen i havsvattnet. Även sjukdomsframkallande bakterier och virus följer med vattnet från land ut i havet. Näringsämnena kommer att göda algblomningarna, vilket resulterar i fler syrefria bottnar. I bottensedimenten finns det naturligt rikligt med metallen mangan. Den frisätts till vattnet vid syrebrist och kan då tas upp av bottenlevande djur. I spåren av detta har vi genom experimentella långtidsstudier sett negativa effekter på immunförsvaret hos både kräfta, mussla och sjöstjärna. Förmågan att eliminera inkräktande bakterier och virus försämrades och djuren blev mer infektionsbenägna. Den tydligaste effekten såg vi då vi tillsatte mangan. Vi undersöker även hur viabilitet och virulens hos sjukdomsalstrande bakterier i havet påverkas och har bl.a. sett att havslevande bakterier av släktet Vibrio inte far illa av de förändrade faktorerna i havet, vilket indikerar att de kan få ett övertag på demarina organismerna, vars immunförsvar försvagats.

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  • 246.
    Hernroth, Bodil
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Tassidis, Helena
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Baden, Susanne P
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Immunosuppression of aquatic organisms exposed to elevated levels of manganese: from global to molecular perspective2020In: Developmental and Comparative Immunology, ISSN 0145-305X, E-ISSN 1879-0089, Vol. 104Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace metal for all organisms. However, in excess it causes toxic effects but the impact on aquatic environments has so far been highly overlooked. Manganese is abundant both in costal and deep sea sediments and becomes bioavailable (Mn2+) during redox conditions. This is an increasing phenomenon due to eutrophication-induced hypoxia and aggravated through the ongoing climate change. Intracellular accumulation of Mn2+ causes oxidative stress and activates evolutionary conserved pathways inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Here, studies are compiled on how excess of dissolved Mn suppresses the immune system of various aquatic organisms by adversely affecting both renewal of immunocytes and their functionality, such as phagocytosis and activation of pro-phenoloxidase. These impairments decrease the animal's bacteriostatic capacity, indicating higher susceptibility to infections. Increased distribution of pathogens, which is believed to accompany climate change, requires preserved immune sentinel functions and Mn can be crucial for the outcome of host-pathogen interactions.

  • 247.
    Heydorn, Per
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Inbreeding decreases upwind pheromone: mediated male flight and frequency in female calling behavior in a lab culture of the pyraloid moth Plodia interpunctella2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Semiochemicals are chemicals used to communicate. Animals tend to use these e.g. to locate food sources or to find a suitable mate. In this study, the sex pheromone of the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, was analysed. Since this is an economically important species, it is mass-reared in labs and science centers worldwide for experimental purposes. A culture of these moths was brought into the lab at Lund University for studies and has after that served as a model species demonstrating up-wind pheromone-mediated male flight in different courses held by the university. As years went by, the culture got less successful in up-wind flights, most probably because of inbreeding and bottleneck effects, and therefore, a new culture was taken in. This study focuses on using various experiments to see if there was a behavioral and/or physiological difference between the two cultures. Results show a significant difference in behavioral traits (frequency of calling behavior in females and in male up-wind flights) but not in physiological traits (female pheromone production or male antennal response). This study discusses some effects of mass-reared lab cultures.

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  • 248.
    Heydorn, Per
    et al.
    Lunds universitet.
    Anderbrant, Olle
    Lunds universitet.
    Jonsson, Lars J.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap.
    Svensson, Glenn P.
    Lunds universitet.
    Long-term rearing affects pheromone-mediated flight behaviour of the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella2019In: Journal of applied entomology, ISSN 0931-2048, E-ISSN 1439-0418, Vol. 143, no 10, p. 1193-1195Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The pest Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) is reared in many research laboratories. In a culture established in 1996, attraction of males to the female-produced sex pheromone in flight tunnel assays gradually decreased after approximate to 15 years of rearing. A new culture was established to enable comparison with the old culture regarding traits associated with mate finding. Female calling activity, pheromone titre and male antennal response to pheromone components did not differ between cultures. In contrast, very few males from the old culture reached the pheromone source in flight tunnel assays compared with 61%-81% of males from the other culture. Our results highlight the importance of maintaining viable insect cultures for research purposes and suggest frequent evaluation of traits involved in chemical communication in such cultures to ensure reliable results in experiments.

  • 249.
    Hillethan, Morgan
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    Smycket av ett biologiskt kulturarv eller en utdöende epok?: en återinventering av hamlade träd i nordöstra Skåne 20192019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Forskning och studier om hamlade träd och lövängar har varit något begränsad p.g.a. att de spår som syns i våra marker endast hyser ett fåtal rester. Förmodligen har landskapet varit rikt på hamlade träd. Under en inventering som pågick mellan 2004–2007 i nordöstra Skåne lokaliserades individer med hamlingsspår samt lövängsrester. Med den som grundmaterial genomfördes en inventering av fyra utvalda lokaler, varav två har ett formellt skydd i form av naturreservat och kulturreservat samt två utan skydd. Samma metod användes. Inventeringen visar att hamling och nyhamling av träd har ökat, främst på de lokaler som har skydd. Dessa lokaler har dessutom en skötselplan som gynnar hävd vilket passar individer med hamlingsspår. Resurser i form av medel och kunskap borde förläggas inom de områden där hamlade träd har störst chans att leva kvar. Reservat ger den möjlighet som ett långsiktigt bevarandearbete kräver, med en skötsel som gynnar de hamlade individerna, framhäver nyhamling samt det biologiska kulturarvet.

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  • 250.
    Hjälmeskog, Karin
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet.
    Höijer, KarinKristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap.
    Didaktik för hem- och konsumentkunskap2019Collection (editor) (Other academic)
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