Året inleddes med en ny organisation för Högskolan Kristianstad och bildandetav fyra nya fakulteter. Avdelningen för Mat- och måltidsvetenskapingår numera i Fakulteten för Naturvetenskap tillsammans med avdelningenför Datavetenskap och avdelningen för Miljö och biologi. Det varinte bara för HKR som det gångna året innebar organisatoriska förändringarutan även för vår avdelning.Bitte Müller Hansen gick i pension efter nästan tio år som programansvarigför Gastronomiprogrammet och avdelningschef. Bitte har betytt oerhörtmycket för utveckling av programmet och har lagt ner stort engagemangi såväl utbildningen, som i sina kontakter med studenter och medarbetsmarknaden.

Gastronomy program at Kristianstad University has since many years been working with innovative processes and have created a number of courses aimed at developing innovative generic skills among their students. One of such courses is “Creative concept and product development in the foodstuff”.  The course presents the students an opportunity to develop new and exciting food stuff products in team of learners. The course has now run for 4 years and students have expressed satisfaction with their innovative skill development and the usefulness of skills acquired in their future career.  While the course have received many positive evaluations, a systematic evaluation of its structure and implementation has not yet been performed. This project aimed at evaluating how different aspects of team work (e.g. diversity and experiences) relate to students' development of innovative skills within the course. The study’s theoretical base lays in the field of collaborative learning (e.g. Bruffee, 1993), team learning (Slavin, 1978) and well as acquisition of generic skills in the collaborative and team learning processes. The project utilized an Input-Process-Output (Ilgen, et al. 2005) model where exploration diversity, team process and self-perceived outcomes and relationship between those have been investigated by the means of qualitative and quantitative methods. Relying on the surveys and reflective diaries of the course participants the study showed how various diversity aspects of the teams related to their processes and self-assessed outcomes, as well as show how students reason about collaboration in diverse groups. Based on the findings the study puts forward suggestion of how to manage the team work in increasingly diverse classes in the institutions of higher education and which method both students and instructors could employ to rip the benefits of this diversity.  

Att äta insekter är egentligen inte något märkligt. I alla fall inte sett ur ett internationellt perspektiv. De flesta av världens olika kulturer har insekter i sin kost och det finns fler än 2000 ätbara insektsarter.

Insects is already part of the diet in many regions of the world, and in parts of Asia, Africa, Mexico and Southern America the eating of insects is part of a long tradition and cultural heritage3 . An example of a country where the consumption of insects is steadily increasing is Thailand4 .There were some cultural differences between Swedish and Thai students in regard to their disposition to react with disgust to certain food-related stimuli as measured by the Food Disgust Scale. Swedish students were more concerned than those from Thailand about putting animal cartilage into the mouth and by eating with dirty silverware in a restaurant. Thai students where on the other hand more disgusted than Swedes by eating hard cheese from which mold was cut off or to eat apple slices that has turned brown when exposed to air.

Food and Meal Science is an interdisciplinary research and education field at Kristianstad University with a vision to create a sustainable and healthy society. The field includes the areas “Nutrition and Health”, “Food Science” and “Food Culture and Communication” and is based on science, craftsmanship and creativity. Developing the creative elements of our educations is currently a strategic focus. Psychology literature points to the importance of self-efficacy, i.e. the belief in one’s own ability, for successfully achieving creative outcomes (Tierney and Farmer, 2002). Research in the intersection between education and psychology have reveled effective methods for supporting the development of creative self-efficacy, e.g. allowing students to experience mastery and working with verbally ensuring students of their creative abilities (Mathisen & Bronnik, 2009). It could be hypothesized that teaching inspired by these principles will markedly increase creative self-efficacy and hence creativity among our students as well.

With the overall goal to develop shared knowledge and to improve contextual factors to create a learning environment that promotes creativity a questionnaire for monitoring creative self-efficacy levels among students over time has been developed through adaptation of Tierney and Farmers (2002) method in order to measure how our teaching methods influence creative self-efficay. The questionnaire has been presented to approximately 40 students in the study programs connected to Food- and Meal Science.

The results from the questionnaire as well as course evaluations will be used as a starting point to improve contextual factors and to create a learning environment that support creativity.

The objective of this study was to evaluate sensory perception and consumers’ attitude and liking of products with different textures, crisps and pâtés, with added mealworm ingredient in different amounts. By addition of mealworm ( Tenebrio molitor L. ) in the crisps, the brittleness increased. However, an increase in mealworm also increased the darkness. Adding mealworms to pâté reduced the odour and flavour of vegetable and increased the flavour of cinnamon and pepper as well as the oily texture. There was no significant difference in total liking between 10 and 30% addition of mealworm, nor between 0 and 10% addition, in any of the two products. The crisps received higher liking score than the pâtés. Thus, there is also a much higher probability that a customer would buy insect crisps than insect pâté. Environmental sustainability and sensory properties were shown to be the main reasons for buying foods with added insect ingredients.

Sustainable food with low environmental impact is of great importance. Insects are highly nutritious and has low effect on the environment. However, in western countries, insects as foods have a low acceptance. It is therefore of importance to process the insects into foods with familiar flavour and texture. To understand consumers’ perception, different types of common food products should be examined. Thus, in this study two widely different products are included, crisps and pâtés with added mealworm ingredient.

The aim of this study was to evaluate sensory perception and consumers’ attitude and liking of products with different textures, crisps and pâtés, with added mealworm ingredient.

Two types of products differing largely in texture properties were produced: crisps (crispy) and pâtés (soft). Three varieties of each product type were produced, containing mealworm flour in the amounts of 0%, 10% and 30%, respectively. 

Adding mealworms in the crisps increased brittleness and darkness. Adding mealworms to pâté increased flavours of cinnamon and pepper as well as oily texture. There was no significant difference in total liking between 10 and 30% addition of mealworm, nor between 0 and 10%, in any of the two products. The crisps received higher liking score than the pâtés. 85% of the consumers indicated their interest in buying food products based on insects. However, a large majority, 90%, were interested in buying crisps, while only 30% showed interest in buying the pâté. This clearly points out the importance of sensory aspects in liking and consideration of buying products with added mealworms. 

In conclusion: Mealworm ingredient could be used in products differing in textures, addition of mealworm had different impact on the sensory attributes in each of the product types. It was shown that environmental sustainability and sensory properties were the main reasons for buying foods with added insect ingredient.

Despite the many papers reporting on disgust factors of eating insects in Western cultures, the interest of insects as food is increasing, not least because they are nutritious, sustainable and tasty! The time has come to take the next step by making insects available not only as delicious restaurant food, but also for industrial production of foods and meals based on insects. The sensory attributes are of greatest importance to increase understanding of insects as a main ingredient in production and shelf life.

By the use of factorial designs with mealworms as main ingredient, the aim was to evaluate the sensory impact of additions such as salt, oil/water and antioxidant agent. Also the impact of particle size of the mealworms was evaluated.

Cooked fresh mealworms cut or ground into different particle sizes, oil, water, salt and rosemary were blended according to a factorial design. The resulting products were evaluated by descriptive sensory analysis in addition to instrumental measurements of viscosity and colour. Nutritional contents were calculated. 

Results showed that particle size of the mealworms had a great impact, ie an increased particle size increased the yellowness and the perceived coarseness. Further, both viscosity and crispiness increased. An increased particle size also meant a decreased odour, probably due to decreased exposure of particle surface. Increased salt content did, as expected, increase saltiness. It also increased the nutty flavour, probably due to the polarity of Sodium Chloride. Different ratios of oil/water did not seem to impact the sensory properties. With reference to the anti-oxidative effects of carnosic acid and carnosol, addition of rosemary had a significant impact on shelf life in terms of decreased rancidity and colour changes. All samples were high in protein content.

All factors, but especially particle size of the mealworm fraction, influenced the sensory attributes.

Despite the many papers reporting on disgust factors of eating insects in Western cultures, the interest of insects as food is increasing, not least because they are nutritious, sustainable and tasty! The time has come to take the next step by making insects available not only as delicious restaurant food, but also for industrial production of foods and meals based on insects. The sensory attributes are of greatest importance to increase understanding of insects as a main ingredient in production and shelf life. 

By the use of factorial designs with mealworms as main ingredient, the aim was to evaluate the sensory impact of additions such as salt, oil/water and antioxidant agent. Also the impact of particle size of the mealworms was evaluated.

Cooked fresh mealworms cut or ground into different particle sizes, oil, water, salt and rosemary were blended according to a factorial design. The resulting products were evaluated by descriptive sensory analysis in addition to instrumental measurements of viscosity and colour. Nutritional contents were calculated. 

Results showed that particle size of the mealworms had a great impact, ie an increased particle size increased the yellowness and the perceived coarseness. Further, both viscosity and crispiness increased. An increased particle size also meant a decreased odour, probably due to decreased exposure of particle surface. Increased salt content did, as expected, increase saltiness. It also increased the nutty flavour, probably due to the polarity of Sodium Chloride. Different ratios of oil/water did not seem to impact the sensory properties. With reference to the anti-oxidative effects of carnosic acid and carnosol, addition of rosemary had a significant impact on shelf life in terms of decreased rancidity and colour changes. All samples were high in protein content.

All factors, but especially particle size of the mealworm fraction, influenced the sensory attributes.