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  • 1.
    Abrahamsson, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society, Avdelningen för Samhällsvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Arbete i skolan (AiS).
    "Det var inte så lätt som vi trodde": tvärsektoriell samverkan på en familjecentral2007In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift, ISSN 0037-833X, Vol. 84, no 6, p. 529-540Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Intersectorial cooperation is commonly regarded as a desirable development in order to achieve increased efficiency and quality, and to reduce redundancies. In this report the experiences are presented from a project where nurses, midwives, preschool teacher and social worker integrated their activities around families and children. The results show that although all involved personnel were confident that the integration was favorable, they all experienced tensions, due to flaws in administrative and managerial procedures, perverse economic incentives, differences in professional background and organizational culture and personal preferences. This study indicates that integrative policies need to be followed by determined implementation.

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  • 2.
    Abrahamsson, Agneta
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Lindskov, Cecilia
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Berg, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Darin, Marianne
    Jörnrud, Carina
    Lennartsson, Ingela
    Mattson, Stina
    Sigurdsson, Marie
    Särnblad, Pia
    Tillawi, Ulrica
    Familjehuset Näsby: en utvärdering för utveckling2007Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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  • 3.
    Almborg, Ann-Helene
    et al.
    Institute of Gerontology, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University.
    Ulander, Kerstin
    Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society.
    Thulin, Anders
    Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm.
    Berg, Stig
    Institute of Gerontology, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University.
    Discharge planning of stroke patients: the relatives' perceptions of participation2009In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 18, no 6, p. 857-865Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To describe relatives' perceived participation in discharge planning for patients with stroke and identify correlates to perceived participation. Stroke affects both patients and their relatives and previous research shows that relatives were often dissatisfied with their perceived involvement in discharge planning and the information they get. Prospective cross-sectional study. The study comprised 152 consecutively enrolled relatives (mean age = 60.8 years) of acute stroke patients admitted to a stroke unit in southern Sweden during 2003-2005. Data were collected through interviews 2-3 weeks after discharge using 'Relative's Questionnaire about Participation in Discharge planning'. This instrument measures perceived participation in three subscales: R-Information-Illness, R-Information-Care/support, and R-Goals and Needs. The Overall Rating of Relative's Perceived Participation in Discharge Planning was measured by a visual analogue scale (VAS) (1-10 score). Among the relatives, 56-68% reported positively according to R-Information-Illness, but 46-53% perceived that they did not receive any information about care/medication/rehabilitation/support. About 80% perceived no participation at all in goals and needs. The mean value of the VAS was 3.89 (SD 3.40) score. Regression analyses revealed that longer stay at hospital, patients with higher education, and relatives of female patients and female relatives were associated with relatives' perceptions of higher participation in discharge planning. Relatives perceived that they needed more information and knowledge about stroke and care/medication/rehabilitation/support. They also needed to be more involved in goal-setting and in identifying patient needs. Professionals should take into consideration these associated variables to improve relatives' perceived participation. Clinicians should give more attention to the altered situation of stroke patients' relatives when planning for continuing care and when setting postdischarge goals for the patients. The professionals need to develop strategies to involve relatives in sharing information, goal-setting and needs assessment in discharge planning.

  • 4.
    Almborg, Ann-Helene
    et al.
    Institute of Gerontology, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University.
    Ulander, Kerstin
    Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society.
    Thulin, Anders
    Karolinska University Hospital.
    Berg, Stig
    Institute of Gerontology, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University.
    Patients' perceptions of their participation in discharge planning after acute stroke2009In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 18, no 2, p. 199-209Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims and objectives. To describe stroke patients' perceptions of their participation in the discharge planning process and identify correlates of perceived participation.

    Background. Patients have the right to participate in discharge planning, but earlier research has shown that they are often dissatisfied with the information they receive and their involvement in goal-setting during discharge planning.

    Design. Cross-sectional study.

    Methods. The sample consisted of 188 persons (mean age 74 years, SD 11·2) with acute stroke who were admitted to a stroke unit at a hospital in southern Sweden during 2003–2005. Data was collected by face-to-face interviews 2–3 weeks after discharge using the 'Patients' Questionnaire on Participation in Discharge Planning'. This instrument measures perceived participation in discharge planning in three subscales: P-Information, P-Medical Treatment, P-Goals and Needs.

    Results. The percentage of patients who perceived that they had participated in discharge planning was as follows: 72–90% according to P-Information, 29–38% according to P-Medical Treatment and 15–47% according to P-Goals and Needs. Age, education and performance of activities of daily living were significantly related to perceived participation as measured by different subscales.

    Conclusions. Most of the patients perceived that they received information, but fewer perceived participation in the planning of medical treatment and needs of care/service/rehabilitation and goal-setting. Professionals need to pay more attention to patients in different subgroups to facilitate their participation in discharge planning.

    Relevance to clinical practice. To facilitate and increase patients' participation in discharge planning, methods should be implemented for goal-setting and identifying patients' needs. Methods that foster patient participation may improve goal-orientated care, services and rehabilitation after discharge.

  • 5.
    Almqvist, Frida
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
    När mat blir sopor, och när den inte blir det: En studie om matsvinn ur ett miljö –och individperspektiv2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Svinnet av mat har i Sverige uppskattats till cirka 1 miljon ton per år och sannolikt är det på hushållsnivå som de största mängderna matsvinn uppstår . En färsk undersökning visar att det årligen slängs uppemot 100 kilo mat per person i Sverige, vilket innebär stora och onödiga belastningar på miljö och klimat. Genom att minska svinnet av mat minskar också belastningen på miljön. Syftet med studien har varit att studera attityder till matsvinn i svenska hushåll samt identifiera hinder och förutsättningar för ett minskat svinn. Resultatet bygger på sju enskilda intervjuer med konsumenter och resultatet visar att dessa respondenter ogillar att slänga mat och slänger relativt lite. Svinnets miljöpåverkan tycks inte vara huvudsakligt skäl till att inte vilja slänga mat. Istället är respekt för maten, respekt för de fattiga samt den privata ekonomin mer framträdande aspekter vad gäller orsaker till att inte vilja slänga mat. Dessa känslor har följt med respondenterna från deras egen uppväxt vilket i kombination med kunskaper i matlagning tycks vara förutsättningar som leder till mindre matsvinn.

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  • 6.
    Andersson, Emmie
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Health Science.
    Bohlin, Jasmine
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Health Science.
    Matens betydelse för ekologisk hållbarhet: en kvalitativ studie om restaurangchefers attityder och tillämpningar kring att servera måltider utifrån ett ekologiskt hållbarhetsperspektiv2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    From a public health and society perspective, food production is the biggest cause of global environmental change and also a risk factor for ill health. At the same time, diet is a fundamental determinant of health. Restaurants have a major influence on sustainable consumption and production, on benefiting the global ecosystem. At the same time, restaurants have a responsibility to serve environmentally friendly food, which is beneficial from a public health perspective. In this study, the purpose was to study restaurant managers' attitudes and applications around serving food from an ecological sustainability perspective. The method was a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews that were analyzed on the basis of a content analysis. The results showed generally positive attitudes towards buying raw products that are seasonal, locally produced and organic in order to protect the environment and health. When it comes to future challenges and solutions, there was a concern about being able to satisfy the needs of future generations, linked to environmental changes. The cut of the meat industry was highlighted by the restaurant managers as the biggest challenge, in relation to improving the environment and thus public health. It also turned out that the use of food froman ecological sustainability perspective is in some cases hampered by financial resources. Crucial factors in relation to serving food from an ecological sustainability perspective were both financial resources and knowledge of the subject. On the other hand, the results showed that knowledge was in most cases more decisive than financial assets. With this result, it can be concluded that there is an additional need for knowledge as well as financial need in the subject for restaurants to act more ecologically sustainable.

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  • 7.
    Andersson Lee, Malina
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment.
    Mat för små barn som inte tål mjölk: Om hur recept kan möta familjernas behov kring mat och måltider2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Families with small children who are allergic to milk experience that they require practical advice on food and meals. The purpose of this study was to investigate if, and if so how, recipes can meet the needs regarding food and meals that these families feel that they have.

    Total 15 recipes were developed. These were tested by 11 families by cooking and tasting the meals at two workshops. During both workshops the parents were interviewed to find out their opinions on the recipes as well as their needs.

    The results indicate that recipes may be a useful remedy for families with milk allergy, given that the recipes consider the families’ very needs as regarding to food. The needs of the families’ are contradictory, however they can be summed up into recipes. In order to combine the families’ need for ease and responsibility for nutritious food, the food must be quick and simple but still emanate from the nutritional requirements for small children with milk allergy. Likewise identity related to taste is important. Good food is synonymous with well-known tastes for families with children. 

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  • 8.
    Andersson, Malin
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment.
    Den mobila arbetsplatsens måltid: lastbilschaufförers upplevelser av mat, måltider och stress under arbetstid2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study is to examine truck drivers’ view on food and meals. What they value in food choices and meal situation and what affects how the meal is implemented in the mobile work. How food and eating habits are influenced by the perceived stress and time pressure at work is also studied, as well as strategies to deal with this. A further aim is to highlight the management’s and the union’s view on and their work with food and meal issues.

    This is a qualitative study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with four truck drivers and a transport leader/personnel manager from a haulage company in southeast Sweden, and with a union safety representative.

    The newly hired and inexperienced drivers seemed to be most vulnerable to the negative aspects of stress. The ability to find the way in their routes came with experience and along came new strategies to manage and prevent stress. All participating drivers described themselves to be experienced by their profession and did not think that stress was a problem for them.

    Three aspects of the work meal were especially valued by the drivers; the social element, the healthy food and the meal as a time for recovery. The social element of the meal - to socialize with colleagues while eating, was considered the most important element in a pleasant meal.

    A transport leader/personnel manager from the haulage company and a union safety representative were also interviewed. Questions about food and meal were barely worked with at the time. These questions were still seen as important. Although, it was not clear who was responsible for the work related food and meal issues.

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  • 9.
    Andersson, Sofia
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment.
    Mhamutovic, Naida
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment.
    Skyddszoner som fosforfällor: En studie om skyddszonernas förmåga att förhindra fosforläckage2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Phosphorus leaking from our fertilized arable land contributes to eutrophication of lakes and seas and travels among other things, with particles from fertilized soil. Straightening of rivers and ditching helps drained water travel quickly from the arable land lakes and seas. To avoid phosphorus leaking there are buffer zones that are placed between the field and the streams with the purpose of captivating the phosphorus. One previous study has shown that a risk occurs for phosphorus saturation on the lands adjacent to the streams (Borggaard, Moberg & Sibbesen 1991; Vought et al 1994; Svanbäck et al 2013).   

      

    This thesis aims to see if today’s buffer zones are saturated or can take up more phosphorus and if the difference in the type of soil matter to the result. The effects of pH and organic matter on the phosphorus content are also examined. The soils clay, moraine  and sand are studied in this thesis. The work also aims to demonstrate the changes in the landscape and history of the buffer zones.  

      

    Soil samples were collected from 15 buffer zones around Kristianstad. The samples were dried, sieved and then shaken with water containing a known amount of phosphorus. Uptake of phosphorus was then measured. Historical and contemporary maps were also studied to see the landscape change.  

      

    The analysis showed that nine out of fifteen zones were saturate. The three soil types each had three saturated zones and two unsaturated and the difference was not significant between the soil types. For the soil clay results showed that pH and organic matter content influenced the amount of phosphorus in which, a higher pH, showed a higher phosphorus content and the higher organic matter reviled a lower amount if phosphorus. For moraine results showed same as in clay but the relation between the organic matter and how it affected the phosphorus content was not significant. The result for the sand was that higher pH in the soil resulted to higher phosphorus content. The same effect was seen for the organic matter in sand which means that the phosphorus content rises with higher organic matter.   

    The buffer zones that we studied occur mostly on land that has been used as arable land for at least 100 years, while others have previously been used as wet- or other meadows or pastures. The areas that have been arable lands a long time have probably been fertilized heavily during the postwar period. Establishing buffer zones may therefore have contributed to recreate the landscape as it was before the rationalization of agriculture in the late 1950s. Buffer zones prevent erosion and help to preserve biodiversity both in the stream and buffer zone. Today's eligible zones may only be grassed but one could imagine future protection zones with salix / tree where the phosphorus is removed through the wood.  

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  • 10.
    Angelstam, Per
    et al.
    Faculty of Forest Sciences, School for Forest Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skinnskatteberg.
    Andersson, Kjell
    Faculty of Forest Sciences, School for Forest Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skinnskatteberg.
    Annerstedt, Matilda
    Department of Work Science, Business Economics & Environmental Psychology, Faculty of Landscape Planning, Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp.
    Axelsson, Robert
    Faculty of Forest Sciences, School for Forest Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skinnskatteberg.
    Elbakidze, Marine
    Faculty of Forest Sciences, School for Forest Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skinnskatteberg.
    Garrido Rodriquez, Pablo
    Faculty of Forest Sciences, School for Forest Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skinnskatteberg.
    Grahn, Patrik
    Department of Work Science, Business Economics & Environmental Psychology, Faculty of Landscape Planning, Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp.
    Jönsson, K. Ingemar
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Man and Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Pedersen, Simen
    Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Hedmark University College, Evenstad.
    Schlyter, Peter
    Environmental and Resource, Dynamics Group, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University.
    Skärbäck, Erik
    Department of Work Science, Business Economics & Environmental Psychology, Faculty of Landscape Planning, Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp.
    Smith, Mike
    Forest Research, Northern Research Station, Centre for Human and Ecological Sciences, Roslin.
    Stjernquist, Ingrid
    Environmental and Resource, Dynamics Group, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University.
    Solving problems in social-ecological systems: definition, practice and barriers of transdisciplinary research2013In: Ambio, ISSN 0044-7447, E-ISSN 1654-7209, Vol. 42, no 2, p. 254-265Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Translating policies about sustainable development as a social process and sustainability outcomes into the real world of social-ecological systems involves several challenges. Hence, research policies advocate improved innovative problem-solving capacity. One approach is transdisciplinary research that integrates research disciplines, as well as researchers and practitioners. Drawing upon 14 experiences of problem-solving, we used group modeling to map perceived barriers and bridges for researchers' and practitioners' joint knowledge production and learning towards transdisciplinary research. The analysis indicated that the transdisciplinary research process is influenced by (1) the amount of traditional disciplinary formal and informal control, (2) adaptation of project applications to fill the transdisciplinary research agenda, (3) stakeholder participation, and (4) functional team building/development based on self-reflection and experienced leadership. Focusing on implementation of green infrastructure policy as a common denominator for the delivery of ecosystem services and human well-being, we discuss how to diagnose social-ecological systems, and use knowledge production and collaborative learning as treatments.

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  • 11.
    Augustsson, Johanna
    Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science.
    De öppna fältens rationalisering i områden med olika ägarstruktur i nordöstra Helsingborg under perioden 1947–2017: Med fokus på trädrader och habitatöar2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    De senaste 50 åren har intensifieringen av jordbruket ökat i takt med maskinernas framfart. Detta på bekostnad av att livsviktiga biotoper för djur och växter försvunnit, då åkerlandskapet blivit allt mer homogent. Skogen och jordbrukslandskapet är två av de artrikaste landskapstyperna och utgör idag störst hot för Sveriges rödlistade arter. Undersökningsområdet ligger i nordvästra Skånes åkerlandskap och uppsatsen behandlar jordbruksmarkens öppna fält och dess utveckling. Uppsatsen belyser även skillnader mellan små- och medelstora jordbruk jämfört med storjordbruk i ett område bestående av Fleninge, Kropp, Holk och Rosendal, belägna i nordöstra Helsingborgs kommun. Undersökningsområdet är intressant för att studera olika markägares förhållningssätt till jordbruksmarken. En GIS-analys över områdets landskapsutveckling av öppna fält, trädrader och habitatöar presenteras för åren 1947, 1965 och 2017. Analysen visar att medelstorleken på de öppna fälten, betesmarken och åkermarken i båda undersökningsområdena har mer än fördubblats på 70 år, med störst förändring på storjordbruket. Det syns även tydligt att antalet fält successivt minskat med åren då 197 fält har försvunnit på de små- och medelstora jordbruken samtidigt som 69 försvunnit i storjordbruksområdet. En genomsnittlig minskning av trädrader, med cirka 129 meter per år, sker på det små- och medelstora jordbruket, där minskningen är störst. Habitatöarna går från att ha varit vanligare inom storjordbruket till att merparten försvinner under undersökningsperiodens senare del. På det små- och medelstora jordbruket ökar antalet habitatöar även om en stor andel habitatöar avlägsnas, så tillkommer många. År 2017 finns totalt 99 habitatöar i undersökningsområdet, vilket innebär en minskning med cirka 0,4 habitatöar per år. Habitatöarna har dock varit svåra att analysera, detta ser dock ut att hänga samman med att glesa typer av trädrader tillkommer där, vilka enligt gängse kategoriseringskriterier inte räknas till trädrader utan blir individuella habitatöar. Denna utveckling har troligen en negativ inverkan på den biologiska mångfalden i området. Då minskning av habitat och biotoper är ett av de största hoten för biodiversiteten och arters utrotning är det grundläggande att jordbruket istället bidrar till bevarande av arter för en hållbar framtid.

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  • 12.
    Axelsson, Carolina
    et al.
    Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society.
    Ulander, Kerstin
    Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society.
    Westergren, Albert
    Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society.
    Fallriskbedömning med Downton Fallrisk Index: studenter på sjuksköterskeprogrammet använder och utvärderar instrumentet i oktober 20082009Report (Other academic)
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  • 13.
    Beeckman, Dimitri
    et al.
    Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University and Research Staff, Nursing Department, University College Arteveldehoge-school.
    Schoonhoven, Lisette
    Centre for Quality of Care Research (WOK), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre.
    Fletcher, Jacqui
    School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield.
    Furtado, Kátia
    Community Nursing Specialist Centro de Saúde de Arronches, Portalegre.
    Gunningberg, Lena
    Nursing Research and Development Surgery Division, Uppsala University Hospital.
    Heyman, Hilde
    Nursing Home Sint Bartholomeus, Antwerp.
    Lindholm, Christina
    Kristianstad University College, Department of Health Sciences.
    Paquay, Louis
    Wit-Gele Kruis van Vlaanderen, Brussels.
    Verdú, José
    Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, School of Nursing, University of Alicante.
    Defloor, Tom
    Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University.
    EPUAP classification system for pressure ulcers: european reliability study2007In: Journal of Advanced Nursing, ISSN 0309-2402, E-ISSN 1365-2648, Vol. 60, no 6, p. 682-691Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim. This paper is a report of a study of the inter-observer reliability of the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel pressure ulcer classification system and of the differential diagnosis between moisture lesions and pressure ulcers. Background. Pressure ulcer classification is a valuable tool to provide a common description of ulcer severity for the purposes of clinical practice, audit and research. Despite everyday use of the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel system, its reliability has been evaluated in only a limited number of studies. Methods. A survey was carried out between September 2005 and February 2006 with a convenience sample of 1452 nurses from five European countries. Respondents classified 20 validated photographs as normal skin, blanchable erythema, pressure ulcers (four grades), moisture lesion or combined lesion. The nurses were familiar with the use of the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel classification scale. Results. Pressure ulcers were often classified erroneously (kappa = 0.33) and only a minority of nurses reached a substantial level of agreement. Grade 3 lesions were regularly classified as grade 2. Non-blanchable erythema was frequently assessed incorrectly as blanchable erythema. Furthermore, the differential diagnosis between moisture lesions and pressure ulcers appeared to be complicated. Conclusion. Inter-observer reliability of the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel classification system was low. Evaluation thus needs to focus on both the clarity and complexity of the system. Definitions and unambiguous descriptions of pressure ulcer grades and the distinction between moisture lesions will probably enhance clarity. To simplify the current classification system, a reduction in the number of grades is suggested.

  • 14.
    Beery, Thomas
    USA.
    Making sustainable behaviors the norm at the University of Minnesota Duluth2013In: Journal of Sustainability Education, ISSN 2151-7452, Vol. 5Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Interviews with undergraduate students were conducted as part of a follow-up to a survey soliciting information about student engagement in sustainability at a small upper Great Lakes public university. The environmental psychology theoretical foundation for the study presented the potential interdependent role of social and physical conditions to support environmental behavior change. Twelve undergraduate students were interviewed with a goal of gaining additional insight into daily student engagement in sustainability. Hycner’s (1985) guidelines were used for the phenomenological analysis of the interview data. Data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. The key finding was an affirmation of the idea that we must identify and eliminate barriers in order to support an increase in daily student participation in sustainability. Participants noted convenience as a key factor to consider. Numerous references to “back home” remind us that we need to make our campus function more like a community with systems that support engagement. Reflective analysis of all of the findings leads to a discussion of how this particular university can achieve the intent of its core value of sustainability. It is proposed that this university put more energy into changing norms than changing attitudes. Heberlein’s (2012) behavior change guidelines are used to provide a strategy for addressing behavior change via an emphasis on normative behavior. Facilitating sustainability actions as normative behavior may be an effective first step in long-term attitudinal change.

  • 15.
    Beery, Thomas H.
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Jönsson, K. Ingemar
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Outdoor recreation and place attachment: exploring the potential of outdoor recreation within a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve2017In: Journal of Outdoor Recreation, ISSN 2213-0780, E-ISSN 2213-0799, Vol. 17, p. 54-63Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates outdoor recreation participation within a multifunctional landscape, a UNESCO Man and Biosphere Reserve. The reserve, the Kristianstad Vattenrike located in southern Sweden, has made a deliberate effort to make the experience of biodiversity possible for residents and visitors. Recreation is a keypart of the biodiversity conservation effort in the area, represented by the infrastructure of the Kristianstad Vattenrike's 21 visitor sites. Given the biosphere reserve context, this study investigates the question of whether there is a relationship between outdoor recreation participation and place attachment. Survey data was collected using concurrent application of multiple sampling strategies including both probability and purposive sampling of local adult residents of the biosphere area. Quantitative analysis showed a significant positive relationship between the level of outdoor recreation participation and place attachment. Qualitative data supported this relationship with more details about place attachment within the studied area. The study confirms a relationship between place attachment and outdoor recreation and provides insight into how the biosphere reserve context supports this relationship. The results of this study show that significant biodiversity management in close conjunction with outdoor recreational opportunity can be achieved and provides opportunities for human engagement and experience of biodiversity.

    Management Implications: This research can help managers design recreational settings that support biodiversity conservation goals. Our research found that:

    • A leading motivation for outdoor recreation participation is nature experience and this motivation can be used by managers to highlight a biodiversity conservation interpretive message in the design of outdoor recreation infrastructure.

    • Providing proximate access to nature based outdoor recreation, to support deliberate and direct experience of biodiversity, is an important component of engaging the public in biodiversity conservation.

    • Recreation proximity alone will not create public engagement in biodiversity conservation. However,proximity as a part of a deliberate institutional design including biodiversity conservation, sustainable development, and logistic support for research and monitoring may be critical for public engagement.

  • 16.
    Belenge, Cyril
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
    Cannabissmuggling till Sverige: Om brottsbekämparnas beskrivningar och perspektiv2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med studien var att ta reda på brottsbekämparnas tankar och idéer angående fenomenet cannabissmuggling till Sverige, hur de anser att man bäst skall göra för att minska eller få stopp på smugglingen av cannabis. Undersökningsgruppen består av åtta brottsbekämpare som arbetar i brottsbekämpande myndighet (polisen & Tullen) med god insyn i cannabisproblematik. Brottsbekämparna intervjuades med en semistrukturerad kvalitativ intervju och fick då berätta med egna ord om sina erfarenheter av att bl.a. bekämpa smuggling av cannabis. Resultatet analyseras med hjälp av rutinaktivitetsteorin och rational choice-teorin samt tidigare forskning. Slutsatser som dras i denna studie är att smuggling av cannabis är svårt att stoppa. För att det skall ske en minskning eller kunna få stopp på smuggling av cannabis till Sverige krävs en del samhällsförändringar enligt intervjupersonerna. Smugglingen i sig är inget nytt fenomen, det handlar om att det smugglas stora mängder i legala som i illegala transporter samt att fler och fler människor smugglar in för eget bruk med ett nytt tillvägagångssätt. För att förhindra och försvåra cannabissmuggling till Sverige krävs ett kollektivt ansvarstagande och kollektiva insatser, samarbete mellan brottsbekämpande myndigheter både nationellt och internationellt för att förhindra och försvåra cannabissmuggling till Sverige.  Studien visar också att det råder enighet bland respondenterna om det rådande kontrollsystemet som inte upplevs som så effektivt på grund av byråkratiska organisationer inom myndigheterna. Samtliga respondenter pekade på brister gällande både bemanningar vid gränspassagen och uppmanade till ett nytt sätt att arbeta för att kunna kontrollera så många som möjligt genom samverkan med andra likasinnade myndigheter i utlandet och i Sverige.   Det man skall också komma ihåg är att brottsbekämparna vet en hel del om cannabissmuggling och dess utveckling, beträffande såväl dess volym, struktur som utvecklingen över tid. Vidare finns det anledning att fråga sig vilka belägg som presenteras för de hotbilder som tas fram. Dåligt underbyggda hotbilder kan även de leda till missriktade motåtgärder. Om fel metoder samt fel hotbilder prioriteras är risken stor att antalet oskyldiga människor kontrolleras vid gränsen. Det handlar följaktligen inte enbart om negativa konsekvenser för den personliga integriteten som hotas eller brottsbekämpningens effektivitet, utan även om medborgarnas utsatthet för kränkning. I förlängningen har detta stor betydelse för såväl brottsbekämparnas som det politiska systemets legitimitet. 

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  • 17.
    Bengtsson, Mariette
    et al.
    Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Malmö University Hospital.
    Ohlsson, Bodil
    Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Malmö University Hospital.
    Ulander, Kerstin
    Kristianstad University College, Department of Health Sciences.
    Women with irritable bowel syndrome and their perception of a good quality of life2007In: Gastroenterology Nursing, ISSN 1042-895X, E-ISSN 1538-9766, Vol. 30, no 2, p. 74-82Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Irritable bowel syndrome has a negative impact on a person's quality of life, but only a few existing studies have been based on patients' own perceptions. This study therefore aimed to collect information on the view of female patients with irritable bowel syndrome regarding what constitutes a good quality of life for them and to create a healthcare model for these patients. For the study, 30 women with irritable bowel syndrome (median age, 38.5 years; range, 20-65 years) responded in writing to a single, all-inclusive question: What is your perception of a good quality of life? When the questionnaires were returned, there was time for a short dialogue, and notes of the conversations were made. Data were analyzed qualitatively according to Burnard's method of thematic content analysis. The answers also were counted and thereby quantified.

    The women's perception of a good quality of life could be divided into five categories: (a) physical and mental health, (b) social well-being, (c) welfare, (d) strength and energy, and (e) self-fulfillment. According to the results, a healthcare model for patients with irritable bowel syndrome should include four main areas: (a) treatment of the patient's symptoms, (b) confirmation of the patient, (c) confirmation of the diagnosis, and (d) instruction for the patient. The healthcare model should be focused on the primary care level and should include a longitudinal plan of healthcare that also describes the secondary care level.

  • 18.
    Benzein, Eva
    et al.
    Department of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Kalmar University.
    Berg, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    The Swedish version of Herth Hope Index: an instrument in palliative care2003In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 17, no 4, p. 409-415Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Swedish version (HHI-S) of the Herth Hope Index (HHI), developed by K. Herth. The HHI-S is a 12-item Likert scale, arranged with scores from 1 to 4, where 1 is 'strongly disagree' and 4 is 'strongly agree'. The HHI-S together with the Miller Hope Scale (TMHS) and Beck's Hopelessness Scale (HS-S) were distributed to 85 adults, 40 patients with cancer in palliative care and 45 family members to patients with cancer in palliative care, recruited from four different in- and out-patient oncology clinics. The result showed an internal consistency alpha coefficient of 0.88 for the HHI-S. Concurrent criterion-related validity was assessed by correlating the HHI-S with the TMHS (r = 0.82) and the discriminant validity was assessed by correlating the HHI-S with the HS-S (r = −0.69). A varimax-rotated principal component factor analysis was performed and identified two factors; reconciliation with life situation and religiosity. Although the instrument shows sound reliability and validity, it should be used with care in clinical palliative care settings, because of linguistic, conceptual and cultural difficulties when transferring the instrument into Swedish. The result demands the work of developing an instrument measuring hope, based in the Swedish culture.

  • 19.
    Benzein, Eva
    et al.
    Department of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Kalmar University.
    Berg, Agneta C.
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    The level of and relation between hope, hopelessness and fatigue in patients and family members in palliative care2005In: Palliative Medicine: A Multiprofessional Journal, ISSN 0269-2163, E-ISSN 1477-030X, Vol. 19, no 3, p. 234-240Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Hope, hopelessness and fatigue are important experiences for patients and family members in palliative care. The aim of the study was to describe the level of and relation between hope, hopelessness and fatigue in patients and family members in palliative care. Eighty-five participants completed the Herth Hope Index, Beck's Hopelessness Scale and rated their level of fatigue from none to severe. The level of hope proved to be significantly lower among the family members than among the patients. For the family members, correlations were found between hope and age (–0.358*), fatigue and hope (–0.439*), hopelessness and age (0.484**), age and fatigue (0.403**) and between hope and hopelessness (–0.723**). For the patients, correlations were found between age and hopelessness (0.555**) and between hopelessness and hope (–0.580**). Efforts to increase the experience of hope and decrease hopelessness and fatigue must include not only the patient but also the family members. (*=P<0.5, **=P<0.01).

  • 20.
    Benzein, Eva
    et al.
    School of Human Sciences, Kalmar University.
    Johansson, Pauline
    School of Human Sciences, Kalmar University.
    Årestedt, Kristofer Franzén
    School of Human Sciences, Kalmar University.
    Berg, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Saveman, Britt-Inger
    School of Human Sciences, Kalmar University.
    Families' importance in nursing care: nurses' attitudes - an instrument development2008In: Journal of Family Nursing, ISSN 1074-8407, E-ISSN 1552-549X, Vol. 14, no 1, p. 97-117Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article describes the development and testing of a research instrument, Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses' Attitudes (FINC-NA), designed to measure nurses' attitudes about the importance of involving families in nursing care. The instrument was inductively developed from a literature review and tested with a sample of Swedish nurses. An item-total correlation and a first principal component analysis were used to validate the final instrument, including a second principal component analysis to analyze dimensionality, and Cronbach's alpha was used to estimate internal consistency. The instrument consists of 26 items and reveals four factors: families as a resource in nursing care, family as a conversational partner, family as a burden, and family as its own resource. Cronbach's alpha was 0.88 for the total instrument and 0.69 to 0.80 for the subscales. The instrument requires further testing with other nurse populations.

  • 21.
    Berg, Agneta
    et al.
    Lunds University, Centre of Caring Sciences.
    Hallberg, Ingalill R.
    Lunds University, Centre of Caring Sciences.
    Effects from systematic clinical supervision on psychiatric nurses' sense of coherence, creativity, work related strain and job satisfaction: a pre-post design1999In: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 1351-0126, E-ISSN 1365-2850, Vol. 6, no 5, p. 371-381Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There are few investigations of the type and the outcome of interventions aimed at supporting nurses caring for psychiatric patients. Therefore a prepost–test design study was used in which 22 psychiatric nurses, on a general psychiatric ward were examined before, during and after one year of systematic clinical supervision combined with supervised documented, planned, individualized care. The methods used were the Sense of Coherence scale (SOC), the Creative Climate Questionnaire (CCQ), the Work-Related Strain Inventory and 34 statements from the Satisfaction with Nursing Care and Work Questionnaire (SNCW). In addition 14 statements were developed to evaluate the nurses' view of the effects from clinical supervision. The baseline values for the CCQ indicated a stagnant organization and a high score in the conflict dimension indicated personal and emotional tensions within the organization. The intervention led to a significantly increased creative and innovative climate in the dimensions for trust, idea time and reduced conflicts. However, the organizational climate remained stagnant. The nurses' view of the effects from clinical supervision also increased significantly. There were no significant changes in the nurses' SNCW, WRSI or SOC score. The result of the correlation analysis indicated that a strong sense of coherence was related to low work-related strain but not to unsatisfactory working conditions/milieu. The results gave some support to the idea that systematic clinical supervision and supervised nursing care plans constitute one type of support strategy that improves creativity and the organizational climate. It may, not, however, buffer for interpersonal problems. Further research is required to explore the need for and effects of various support systems depending on the circumstances in the organization.

  • 22.
    Berg, Agneta
    et al.
    The Department of Nursing, Lund University.
    Hallberg R., Ingalill
    The Department of Nursing, Lund University.
    Psychiatric nurses' lived experiences of working with in-patient care on a general team psychiatric ward2000In: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 1351-0126, E-ISSN 1365-2850, Vol. 7, no 4, p. 323-333Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To reveal the meaning of being a nurse working with inpatient care on a team psychiatric ward in Sweden, 22 psychiatric nurses were interviewed and the transcribed texts were analysed by means of latent content analysis. Three themes emerged from the analysis: developing a working relationship with the patient in everyday caregiving; encountering and handling the unforseeable in daily living; and struggling with professional independence and dependency. Developing a working relationship with the patient in everyday caregiving meant that the nurse–patient relationship was the foundation of the caregiving and included being with, as well as doing for, and with, the patient. Four different approaches in daily caregiving were revealed: networking, teaching, containing and protecting. The nurses' approaches in the nurse–patient relationship alternated between being an 'expert' and a 'collaborator'. Encountering and handling unforeseeable situations meant that the nurses were exposed to and had to be prepared for unpredictable situations where they were on their own, handling sometimes strong emotional reactions and relying on their own ability to act. Struggling with professional independence and dependency meant that the nurses seemed to lack professional confidence, although they had many responsibilities, but also less authority to decide about overall care planning. Contextual aspects such as organizational hindrance, unsatisfactory work-environment and co-operation difficulties were illuminated. The result indicates the need for a stable and predictable organizational structure if nurses are to manage the demanding nurse–patient relationships that everyday caregiving requires. A question highlighted by this study is whether multidisciplinary team organization has been effectively developed in Sweden, as uncertainty about the roles and responsibilities of nurses was apparent.

  • 23.
    Berg, Agneta
    et al.
    Department of Nursing, Lund University.
    Hallberg R., Ingalill
    Department of Nursing, Lund University.
    The meaning and significance of clinical group supervision and supervised individually planned nursing care as narrated by nurses' on a general team psychiatric ward2000In: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 1324-3780, E-ISSN 1440-0979, Vol. 9, no 3, p. 110-127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    By interviewing 22 psychiatric nurses, the present study aimed to reveal the meaning and significance of systematic clinical group supervision and supervised individually planned nursing care, using latent content analysis. The interpreted meaning was 'confronting the complexity of ongoing life in daily nursing care' and the interpreted significance was 'strengthening the foundation for nursing care'. Reflection on action and confirmation seemed to be core components in the process of clinical supervision. Focusing on the relational and task aspects in nursing care within a group approach may have contributed to the positive experiences of development that occurred.

  • 24.
    Berg, Agneta
    et al.
    Centre of Caring Sciences, Lund University.
    Hallberg R, Ingalill
    Centre of Caring Sciences, Lund University.
    Norberg, Astrid
    Department of Nursing, Umeå University.
    Nurses' reflections about dementia care, the patients, the care and themselves in their daily caregiving1998In: International Journal of Nursing Studies, ISSN 0020-7489, E-ISSN 1873-491X, Vol. 35, no 5, p. 271-282Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study the aim was, through interviews, to disclose 13 nurses personal knowledge about the patients, themselves, and care provision, using a phenomenological-hermeneutic analysing method. Caring for people with severe dementia meant an intertwined life world emanating from making and doing together and the delicate interpretative work that the care provision required. The intertwined life world consisted of the interaction between the nurses and the patients separate lives, their common life and the environment, culminating in mutual dependency. Making together signifies the relationship being based on the nurses knowledge and skills as nurses i.e. the task they had to perform. Doing together signifies the relationship being based on the oneness of the nurses and the patients with severe dementia as ordinary human beings. The delicate interpretation process required, to adapt care to the individual patient, was based on knowledge about the patients personality, life history and disease progression in combination with the nurses interpretation of the current situation. The nurses searched for meaning and that, in turn, meant that the patients inner world was determined by the nurses and thus the patient was seen as being in their hands. It seems important to further understand the human aspects of both the nurse and the patient and to examine this dynamic, ongoing, vulnerable interpretation process, critically, in order to achieve high quality nursing care for the patients with severe dementia, and an experience of well-being in nurses everyday working lives.

  • 25.
    Berg, Agneta
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Kisthinios, Marianne
    Department of Health and Society, Malmö University.
    Are supervisors using theoretical perspectives in their work?: a descriptive survey among Swedish-approved clinical supervisors2007In: Journal of Nursing Management, ISSN 0966-0429, E-ISSN 1365-2834, Vol. 15, no 8, p. 853-861Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim The aim of the study was to explore the theoretical perspectives in use by approved clinical nursing supervisors in Sweden.

    Background. For the time being, we know little of the theoretical perspectives in use on a daily basis by the clinical nursing supervisors in Sweden.

    Methods. A questionnaire (n = 49) and follow-up telephone interviews (n = 14) were used. Data analysis was made by descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis.

    Results. The result from the questionnaire showed that the supervisors often used and combined different theoretical perspectives with origins in nursing, education and psychology. Surprisingly, one-fourth of the respondents did not state any nursing theoretical perspective in use during clinical nursing supervision. The result from the interviews revealed that the theory of Katie Eriksson (1987) was the most commonly used nursing perspective.

    Conclusion. As the overall aim for clinical nursing supervision is to improve nursing for the patient/family, the supervisor's competence in nursing is essential. Given this fact, and that only three-quarters of the approved clinical nursing supervisors stated a use of theoretical nursing perspective when supervising, there is obviously a need for further investigations in this area. In addition, there is also a need for approved Swedish clinical nursing supervisors, to further become aware of the theoretical perspective in use that supports their clinical nursing supervision. Clinical nursing supervision is a multifaceted activity that needs to be supported by different nursing theoretical perspectives including physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual as well as socio-cultural aspects.

  • 26.
    Berg, Agneta
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Suhonen, Riita
    Health Care District, Forssa.
    Idvall, Ewa
    Kalmar County Hospital Council.
    A survey of orthopaedic patients' assessment of care using the Individualised Care Scale2007In: Journal of Orthopaedic Nursing, ISSN 1361-3111, E-ISSN 1873-4839, Vol. 11, no 3-4, p. 185-193Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to describe orthopaedic patients’ assessments of howindividuality in patient carewas supported during specific nursing interventions and how that individuality was perceived during hospitalisation. Orthopaedic inpatients (370) fromtwo central county and two county hospitals in Sweden were surveyed using the Individualised Care Scale (ICS) during 2004/2005, (response rate 74% n = 274). The data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Eighty-six percent of the respondents stated that it was very important to be treated as an individual or unique person and 59% experienced this type of care. The lowest rated assessments concerned the personal life situation and the highest were concerned with the clinical situation and the decisional control over care. This analysis of patient assessments of individualised nursing care can be used to implement changes to individualise care processes in orthopaedic wards. This will be useful in the evaluation of health care quality improvement, planning and personnel management.

  • 27.
    Berg, Agneta
    et al.
    Lund University, Centre of Caring Sciences.
    Welander Hansson, Ulla
    HälsoSam, Eslöv.
    Dementia care nurses experiences of systematic clinical group supervision and supervised individually planned nursing care2000In: Journal of Nursing Management, ISSN 0966-0429, E-ISSN 1365-2834, Vol. 8, no 6, p. 357-368Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AimTo reveal 13 nurses' experiences of systematic clinical group supervision and supervised individually planned nursing care, while working with people suffering from severe dementia.

    BackgroundClinical supervision is a major issue in nursing, however empirical knowledge of the subject is limited. Nurse's narrations about their experiences may extend the knowledge available and serve as a basis for creating models of support systems for nurses in their care provision.

    MethodsOpen-ended interviews were performed and the text was analysed through content analysis. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the views of the effects of clinical supervision.

    FindingsTwo main themes were found. Confirmed uniqueness included two sub-themes: confirming the nurses as a person and as a professional and confirming the patient as a unique human being. Consolidated sense of community included three sub-themes: closer relationship between the nurses, changed organization of nursing care and improved individualizing in routines of nursing care. The questionnaire result showed improvements in co-operation and in providing professional nursing care and personal development.

    ConclusionInterventions to improve working conditions for the nurses and care quality for the patients may well focus the core process, i.e. feedback and support for the nurse–patient interaction and person-orientated nursing care, taking into account the constellation and conditions of the group.

  • 28.
    Berg, Agneta
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap. Care Research and Development Unit, Kristianstad College for Health Professions.
    Welander Hansson, Ulla
    Hallberg R, Ingalill
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap.
    Nurses' creativity, tedium and burnout during 1 year of clinical supervision and implementation of individually planned nursing care: comparisons between a ward for severely demented patients and a similar control ward1994In: Journal of Advanced Nursing, ISSN 0309-2402, E-ISSN 1365-2648, Vol. 20, no 4, p. 742-749Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to study creativity and innovative climate, tedium and burnout among the nurses on two wards during 1 year of systematic clinic supervision combined with the implementation of individualized care on an experimental ward (EW) for severely demented patients, as compared with a similar control ward (CW) EW nurses had systematic clinic supervision and each patient had his/her nursing care carefully planned, documented and evaluated The intervention was evaluated by means of the Creative Climate Questionnaire, Burnout Measure and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Creativity and innovative climate improved significantly among the EW nurses (n= 19) in eight out of 10 factors during the year of intervention while there was no change on the control ward (n= 20) Tedium and burnout decreased significantly among the EW nurses while no change was seen in this respect among the CW nurses It seems reasonable to assume that systematic clinical supervision and individualized planned care decreases the negative outcome of stress caused by the psychological burden imposed by nursing care It also increases nurses' creativity, which, in turn, may benefit patient care The findings of this study point to the necessity for a support system that focuses on the work itself, i e the nursing care Individualized planned care and systematic clinical supervision may offer this kind of support.

  • 29.
    Bergström, Susanna
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment.
    Håbring, Erik
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment.
    Hyllad, ratad eller anonym: en studie om svenska konsumenters attityder till opastöriserad mjölk2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In Sweden, all milk needs to be pasteurized. Unpasteurized milk [ OPM ] may only be sold in a smaller scale directly from the farmer to the consumer. The law was introduced in 1939, to prevent tuberculosis, which poses no threat today. There are other reasons, such as keepability and risk of pathogenic bacteria, why milk is pasteurized. Despite these risks, many consume OPM. The Swedish food agency proposed 2013 a new law to prohibit all sales of OPM. This proposal received numerous opinions from proponents of OPM. There is limited research on Swedish consumers' attitudes and values regarding OPM. Praised, rejected or anonymous: a study of Swedish consumers' attitudes on unpasteurised milk is a bachelor thesis in food and meal science, Kristianstad University. The study was carried out with a questionnaire designed to explore the attitudes to OPM of Swedish milk consumers, and what they are based on. The results showed that the consumers attitudes about OPM was connected to a higher value. Amongst others, the attitudes were more critical and OPM was seen as a risky product. Most of the consumers oponions were based on childhood, memories and social connections. Despite OPMs higher values, the study shows that due to precationary OPM may not be ready to emerge in this caution and health conscious society Sweden is today.

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  • 30.
    Björklund, Margereth
    et al.
    Halmstad University.
    Fridlund, B.
    Halmstad University.
    Cancer patients' experiences of nurses' behaviour and health promotion activities: a critical incident analysis1999In: European Journal of Cancer Care, ISSN 0961-5423, E-ISSN 1365-2354, Vol. 8, no 4, p. 204-212Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Patients with head and neck cancer report several disease- and health-related problems before, during and a long time after completed treatment. Nurses have an important role in educating/supporting these patients about/through the disease and treatment so that they can attain well-being. This study describes the cancer patients' experiences of nurses' behaviour in terms of critical incidents after nurses had given them care to promote health. The study had a qualitative, descriptive design and the method used was the critical incident technique. Twenty-one informants from the Nordic countries diagnosed with head and neck cancer were strategically selected. It was explained to the informants what a critical incident implies before the interviews took place; this was defined as a major event of great importance, an incident, which the informants still remember, due to its great importance for the outcome of their health and well-being. The nurses' behaviour was examined, and critical incidents were involved in 208 cases-150 positive and 58 negative ones-the number of incidents varying between three and 20 per informant. The nurses' health promotion activities or lack of such activities based on the patients' disease, treatment and symptoms, consisted of informing and instructing the patients as well as enabling their participation. Personal consideration and the nurses' cognisance, knowledge, competence, solicitude, demeanour and statements of understanding were found to be important. Continuous health promotion nursing interventions were of considerable value for the majority of this group of cancer patients. Oncology nurses could reconfirm and update the care of head and neck cancer patients by including health promotion activities in individual care plans. By more frequent use of health promotion models, such as the empowerment model, the nurses could identify and focus on those individuals who needed to alter their life-style as well as tailor their approach towards these patient by setting goals for well-being and a healthy life-style.

  • 31.
    Björklund, Margereth
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
    Sarvimäki, Anneli
    The Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg.
    Berg, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
    Health promoting contacts as encountered by individuals with head and neck cancer2009In: Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness, ISSN 1752-9816, Vol. 1, no 3, p. 261-268Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim. To describe the characteristics of health promoting contacts with health professionals as encountered by individuals with head and neck cancer. Background. Head and neck cancer has a profound and chronic impact on the individual's everyday life, e.g. physical problems that hinder speaking, breathing, eating and drinking. Furthermore, fear and uncertainty can lead to long-term psychological and psychosocial problems. The National Institute of Public Health in Sweden advocates that all care contacts should improve the quality of the individual's health. Design. A qualitative descriptive and explorative design was used. Eight participants were interviewed in the year 2005 and a qualitative thematic content analysis of the data was performed. Findings. Health promoting contacts were defined as contacts where health care professionals contribute positively to the well-being of individual patients. Characteristics include being available, engaged, respectful and validating. Three themes were identified: being believed in one's illness story; having a working relationship with health professionals and receiving individualised, tailored care. Conclusions. Health promoting contacts were experienced mainly during the treatment phase, when patients had daily contact with specific, qualified health professionals. Although the interview questions focused on health promoting contacts, nearly half of the contacts were experienced as not health promoting. Feelings of abandonment were particularly manifested before and after treatment. The starting point for achieving health promoting contact lies in understanding the patient's lifeworld in relation to health, illness and suffering and focusing on the individual's personal strengths and health resources. Relevance to clinical practice. The findings highlighted the importance of ensuring that patient interests and concerns are core considerations in health care. The participants viewed continuing individualised, tailored care and access to ear, nose and throat healthcare professionals as highly important.

  • 32.
    Björklund, Margereth
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
    Sarvimäki, Anneli
    The Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg.
    Berg, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap.
    Health promotion and empowerment from the perspective of individuals living with head and neck cancer2008In: European Journal of Oncology Nursing, ISSN 1462-3889, E-ISSN 1532-2122, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 26-34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to shed light on health promotion from the perspective of individuals living with head and neck cancer. Eight informants were interviewed and latent content analysis was used. Individuals living with head and neck cancer experienced many problems that had a negative impact on their health. One overarching main theme was demonstrated; the ability to regain control and empower oneself. Three themes emerged: (1) Being enabled by dialogue with one's inner self, including three sub-themes: transformed and improved self-esteem, recognising and embracing existentiality, and increased self-determination. (2) Being enabled by means of contact with a social network, including two sub-themes: emotional support and practical support. (3) Being enabled by means of contact with and a passion for the environment, including two sub-themes: nature, hobbies and activities. Empowerment, the goal of health promotion, was understood as an ongoing process, and the ability to promote health varied and was dependent on internal and external enabling of acting and doing. The interpretation of this ongoing process demonstrates interplay assisted by a dialogue with one's inner self, contact with a social network and a passion for the environment. Altogether, these findings may inspire nurses and other health care professionals to support the individual's empowerment process and pose non-pathology-oriented questions such as "what improves your health?" or "what makes you feel good?"

  • 33.
    Björklund, Margereth
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
    Sarvimäki, Anneli
    The Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg.
    Berg, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap.
    Living with head and neck cancer: a profile of captivity2010In: Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness, ISSN 1752-9816, E-ISSN 1752-9824, Vol. 2, no 1, p. 22-31Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim. To illuminate what it means to live with head and neck cancer.

    Background. Patients could experience head and neck cancer as more emotionally traumatic than other cancers because of visible disfigurement and its life-threatening impact on vital functions. This long-term illness often leads to lifestyle changes such as to physical function, work and everyday tasks, interpersonal relationships and social functioning.

    Design. This study used a qualitative and explorative longitudinal and prospective design with semi-structured interviews and open-ended questions. Twenty-one interviews were conducted with six participants with newly diagnosed or newly recurrent head and neck cancer. The analysis was descriptive and interpretive.

    Findings. The participants were living 'in captivity' in the sense that their symptoms were constant reminders of the disease. Our findings also revealed existential loneliness and spiritual growth, as interpreted within six themes: altered sense of affiliation; hostage of health care; locked up in a broken body, but with a free spirit; confined in a rogue body, forced dependency on others, and caught up in a permanent illness trajectory.

    Conclusions. Living with head and neck cancer involves emotional and existential vulnerability. The participants and their next of kin experienced insufficient support from health services and inadequate coordination between phases of their lengthy illness trajectory. These findings call for changes in oncological rehabilitation and management. Patient care must take a holistic view of everyone involved, centring on the individual and the promotion of health. A care coordinator could navigate between the individual patient needs and appropriate health services, hopefully with results that lessen the individual's emotional and existential confinement.

  • 34.
    Blom, Lisbeth
    et al.
    Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society.
    Jönsson, Anna-Lena
    Centralsjukhuset Kristianstad.
    Westergren, Albert
    Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society.
    Vårdprogram minskar postoperativt illamående: en klinisk naturalistisk interventionsstudie2009Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The demands on the healthcare staffs’ competence and performance are increasing. Evidence based nursing should be carried out with a scientific knowledge and approach in order to secure patients safety. The staff at a surgical clinic noticed that a great number of their patients suffered from nausea post operatively.

     

     

    *        Objectives: to evaluate the effects of the implementation of a programme for post surgical nausea, for patients that had elective surgery in the abdominal and intestinal areas.

     

    Method: The study had a quantitative, descriptive, pre- and post comparative design. A questionnaire was used at two occasions, before (the control-group) and after (the intervention-group) the implementation of a programme for post surgical nausea.

     

    Results: Significant differences were observed in that the intervention-group experienced fewer problems with nausea and vomiting post operatively in comparison to the control-group.

     

    Conclusions: The programme for post surgical nausea for patients with elective surgery in the abdominal and intestinal areas is effective in preventing post surgical nausea. This method for designing, implementing and evaluating a care programme can be used in other clinical settings. The programme for post surgical nausea can be used for other patients for whom post surgical nausea is a risk factor.

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  • 35.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
    Helhetssyn – att binda samman,avgränsa och leda: rapport från en forskningscirkel om helhet och helhetssyn i omsorg, vård och rehabilitering av äldre2009Report (Other academic)
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  • 36.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Närsjukvård: vad innebär det i Region Skåne?2007In: FoU-tidningen, no 6, p. 7-8Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    I forskningsplattformens uppdrag ingick att följa och dokumentera närsjukvårdsutvecklingen i regionen. Som ett första steg i detta arbete intervjuades 97 medborgare, medarbetare och beslutsfattare om vad de lade in i begreppet närsjukvård. Avsikten var att ta reda på hur olika grupper såg på vad närsjukvård var eller borde vara. Ett vanligt svar bland framför allt medborgare och medarbetare var att de hade hört talas om närsjukvård men att termen var tvetydig, oklar och kunde förstås på olika sätt. I avsaknad av en klar definition försökte de förstå genom att associera till orden nära och sjukvård.

  • 37.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    Department of Nursing, Lund University.
    Older people in persistent pain: nursing and paramedical staff perceptions and pain management2003In: Journal of Advanced Nursing, ISSN 0309-2402, E-ISSN 1365-2648, Vol. 41, no 6, p. 575-584Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Persistent pain is a common problem for older people. Knowledge about how nursing and paramedical staff perceive these people and what they do to relieve the pain seems scarce. AIM: To explore nursing and paramedical staff perceptions of older people in persistent pain and their day-to-day management of pain. METHODS: Interviews in Swedish with 52 nursing auxiliaries, Registered Nurses, physiotherapists and occupational therapists were collected from February to May 2000. The analysis was based on their stories (n = 150) about older people in persistent pain who received help in their own homes or in special accommodation. A typology of staff perceptions of pain in older people was developed. Activities to manage pain were examined using content analysis. RESULTS: Respondents perceived the pain as real, exaggerated, trivial, care-related, endured, concealed, self-caused or inarticulate. Older people perceived as exaggerating the pain, those with care-related and self-caused pain evoked frustration in the staff, while those perceived as enduring their pain evoked satisfaction. Various strategies to manage pain were used: no activity, medication, mediating contacts, distracting activities, physical therapies, mobility, work in a gentle way, rest or relieving pressure on body part, and communication concerning pain. The activities differed between the types, as well as between staff with different professional backgrounds. CONCLUSION: Care and treatment provided by staff should be based on older people's needs rather than on staff attitudes and preferences. The typology revealed that staff perceived older people in pain as a heterogeneous group and that their perceptions affected the pain-relieving activities that were offered. It seems urgent to address how to handle pain in older people who never complain and those who complain a great deal, as well as how to handle pain in people with impaired communicative ability. Reflective discussions on feelings related to different individuals are needed.

  • 38.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    Kalmar läns landsting.
    Prioriteringar i vårdflöden för äldre: en förstudie2007Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    This report is the result of a limited project with the aim of examining priority setting in care for the elderly in which multiple care providers are involved. The main issues dealt with the kind of prioritizing that is done daily and the motivations or considerations that the priorities are based on. The health care services provided to the elderly are based on an organization’s or society’s motivations and values but can also be based on the individual care provider’s own comprehension. Before the relevance of selected services can be assessed we need insight into how priorities are set and on which values they are based, in other words, the priority setting process requires transparency. This pilot study is an attempt to penetrate the priority setting process and thereby function as a point of departure for continued studies of how elderly care can be provided –based on elderly people’s experience and wishes.

    Aim

    The aim of this pilot study is to obtain knowledge of what characterizes an elderly person’s path through the flow of care services, which decisions are made and on what grounds. Based on these questions, new areas are identified that require in-depth study and analysis in order to develop issues and methodologies for coming projects dealing with priority setting in the flow of care for the elderly from the user perspective.

    Method

    A strategic selection of eleven people, employed in both municipal and county council elderly care have been interviewed with the aid of hypothetical case descriptions. The interviews have been supplemented with questions such as if their own organization has any policy documents, guidelines or informal regulations (known by everyone but not in writing) for care and treatment of particular health conditions. Existing policy documents/guidelines have been collected and comprise part of the empirical material for the pilot study. Each interview has been analyzed using the method content analysis.

    Results

    The study showed that the priority setting described was seldom about choices between patient categories. Instead choices were described as being made between different forms of health care and between different rehabilitation efforts. The choices that were most often described were if the patient should be offered hospital care or care at home and if the patient should be offered rehabilitation in the form of training or rehabilitation, primarily, in the form of aids. The analysis showed that the decision was based on considerations related to the patient, personnel and/or the organization. In a normal case, the decision was based on a combination of these considerations. The pilot study provides a complex picture of the considerations personnel based their prioritizing on. One finding is that decisions on care and rehabilitation are not only based on factors related to the individual patient but also on factors related to personnel and the organization where the decision is made. The report recommends a general discussion about priority setting among personnel who work with elderly persons by examining how to apply the human dignity principle when, e.g. the elderly person’s social network is considered as a factor when prioritizing between training or not. The report recommends a discussion on the choice of gauge for assessing the effect of different treatments.

  • 39.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Smärta hos personer med demens2007In: Jakobsson, Ulf (red), Långvarig smärta, Lund: Studentlitteratur , 2007, p. 107-118Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 40.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    et al.
    Department of Nursing, Lund University.
    Edberg, Anna-Karin
    Department of Nursing, Lund University.
    Living with persistent pain: experiences of older people receiving home care2002In: Journal of Advanced Nursing, ISSN 0309-2402, E-ISSN 1365-2648, Vol. 40, no 3, p. 297-306Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Although the topic of pain among older people has received increasing interest, little is still known about how pain is experienced or handled by those who no longer manage independently but depend on professionals for help with daily living. Developing pain management for older people requires such knowledge. AIM: To explore sense of self, sense of pain, daily living with pain, sense of others and ways of handling pain in older people with persistent pain. METHODS: Interviews with 90 older people receiving home care from nursing auxiliaries in their own homes or in sheltered accommodation were collected from January to June 2000. A typology of older people in persistent pain was developed. Activities for handling pain were examined using content analysis. FINDINGS: Respondents' experiences of themselves and their pain varied. Two groups of older people, considered as 'competent and proud' and 'confident and serene', expressed satisfaction in spite of pain, while the groups 'misunderstood and disappointed' and 'resigned and sad' expressed dissatisfaction. The most common strategies used were medication, rest, mobility, distracting activities and talking about pain. Respondents chose strategies by balancing the advantages of the activities against the disadvantages these brought for their daily living. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that characteristics of the older people, such as their way of experiencing themselves, how pain affects their daily life and how they perceive effects and side-effects of pain management are areas that need to be identified when staff assess pain and plan pain management. Caring for older people in pain could be improved by listening to and believing their complaints, evaluating effects and side-effects from medications and nonpharmacological pain management and by emphasising the importance of common everyday activities such as mobility and distraction to relieve pain.

  • 41.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    et al.
    Department of Nursing, University of Lund.
    Hallberg, Ingalill R.
    Department of Nursing, University of Lund.
    Managing pain in older persons who receive home-help for their daily living: perceptions by older persons and care providers2002In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 319-328Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Pain is a common problem for older persons who need professional help for their daily living. In this study 94 older persons (75+) in persistent pain were compared with 52 care providers concerning the pain management methods they had used/administered during the previous week and how helpful they perceived these methods to be. Interviews were based on 16 items from the original version of the pain management inventory (PMI). Both groups perceived prescribed medication, rest and distraction as the most frequently utilized methods. Specific methods such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) or bracing/splinting or bandaging the affected body part were seldom employed, although most users perceived these methods as helpful. Care providers perceived most methods for managing pain as more effective than older persons did. The results imply that care providers need skills in a variety of pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods to manage pain and a need to evaluate effectiveness of the methods in a systematic way.

  • 42.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    et al.
    Centre for Caring Sciences, Lund University.
    Hallberg, Ingalill R.
    Centre for Caring Sciences, Lund University.
    Pain in older adults living in sheltered accommodation: agreement between assessments by older adults and staff1999In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 8, no 2, p. 159-169Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aimed to investigate the presence of pain, pain duration, localization(s), intensity, type and pharmacological treatment among older adults living in sheltered accommodation or receiving rehabilitation, as well as the agreement between pain assessments performed by staff and the older adults. Twenty-nine randomly selected older adults (65+ years) and the staff who looked after them participated in a structured interview based on standardized measures for pain assessment and physical, intellectual and communicative functions. Pain was found to be common, with a majority of participants experiencing it every day or all of the time. Nine out of 22 of the older adults in pain had no pain relief drugs at all. Agreement between assessments by the older adults and the staff was no higher than moderate and in general pain levels were underestimated. The findings indicate that older adults were at risk of undetected and untreated pain and the risk was even higher for those with speech difficulties. The provision of good nursing care for older adults in sheltered accommodation requires systematic routines for frequent pain assessments.

  • 43.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    et al.
    Department of Nursing, Unit for Caring Sciences, Lund University.
    Hallberg, Ingalill R.
    Department of Nursing, Unit for Caring Sciences, Lund University.
    Recognising pain in older adults living in sheltered accommodation: the views of nurses and older adults2001In: International Journal of Nursing Studies, ISSN 0020-7489, E-ISSN 1873-491X, Vol. 38, no 3, p. 305-318Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sixty-six randomly selected older adults and their contact nurses participated in interviews based on standardised assessments of pain and open-ended questions focusing how pain was expressed and recognised. The sample included older adults with normal as well as cognitively impaired function. Seventy-nine percent of older adults with normal cognition were often in pain. Contact nurses assessed pain in 57% of cognitively impaired older adults. The content in the statements showed that pain recognition was a communicative interactive process based on verbal and non-verbal expressions. The process comprised attempts to understand the cause and intention of the expression and to verify the presence of pain. Changes in mood, facial expressions and physiological responses were described less often by older adults than by their nurses. Contact nurses of cognitively impaired older adults judged immobility as the source of pain, that it was possible to see when the person was in pain and that pain was expressed by paralinguistic and body language more often than contact nurses of cognitively healthy older adults. Characteristics of nurses and older adults could facilitate or hinder pain recognition. The findings indicate a need for reflective discussions in the staff group focusing on how to perform systematic assessments of verbal and non-verbal expressions and of hindrances and facilitators for recognising pain in older adults.

  • 44.
    Borg, Christel
    et al.
    Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University.
    Hallberg, Ingalill R
    Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University.
    Blomqvist, Kerstin
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Life satisfaction among older people (65+) with reduced self-care capacity: the relationship to social, health and financial aspects.2006In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 15, no 5, p. 607-18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at investigating life satisfaction and its relation to living conditions, overall health, self-care capacity, feeling lonely, physical activities and financial resources among people (65+) with reduced self-care capacity. BACKGROUND: Knowledge about factors related to low life satisfaction among older people with reduced self-care capacity is sparse, although this is important in health care and nursing so that the care is adapted to their needs and perspective. Previous research has mainly focused on isolated aspects such as pain in relation to life satisfaction among older people in general and less among so those with reduced self-care capacity in general. DESIGN AND METHOD: A subsample of 522 persons was selected from a randomly selected cross-sectional survey using a modified form of the Older Americans' Resources Schedule and Life Satisfaction Index Z. RESULTS: The mean age in the total sample was 77.9; women (79.5) were significantly older than men (77.0). Low life satisfaction was found among women, as well as those living in special accommodations. Life Satisfaction Index Z was 15.3 (SD 5.6) in the total sample. Gender and living conditions did not explain life satisfaction whilst poor overall self-reported health and poor financial resources in relation to needs had the strongest explanatory value. Also of significant importance were loneliness, the degree of reduced self-care capacity and feeling worried. CONCLUSION: Life satisfaction in older people with reduced self-care capacity is determined by several factors, with social, physical, mental and financial aspects probably interacting with each other; especially feeling lonely, degree of self-care capacity, poor overall health, feeling worried and poor financial resources in relation to needs. These factors need to be considered in the care of these people to preserve or improve their life satisfaction. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nursing interventions in terms of preventive home visits, rehabilitation, health education directed towards physical, psychological, social and economic aspects of importance may help to preserve or improve life satisfaction for those with reduced self-care capacity.

  • 45.
    Brink, Ebba
    et al.
    Lund University.
    Wamsler, Christine
    Lund University .
    Adolfsson, Maria
    Trelleborg Municipality.
    Axelsson, Monica
    Kristianstad Municipality.
    Beery, Thomas H.
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Björn, Helena
    Lomma Municipality.
    Bramryd, Torleif
    Lund University.
    Ekelund, Nils
    Malmö University.
    Jephson, Therese
    Scania Association .
    Narvelo, Widar
    Helsingborg municipality.
    Ness, Barry
    Lund University .
    Jönsson, K. Ingemar
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap. Kristianstad University, Research environment Man & Biosphere Health (MABH).
    Palo, Thomas
    SLU Umeå.
    Sjeldrup, Magnus
    Bjuv Municipality.
    Stålhammar, Sanna
    Lund University .
    Thiere, Geraldine
    Lomma Municipality.
    On the road to ‘research municipalities’: analysing transdisciplinarity in municipal ecosystem services and adaptation planning2017In: Sustainability Science, ISSN 1862-4065, E-ISSN 1862-4057Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Transdisciplinary research and collaboration is widely acknowledged as a critical success factor for solution-oriented approaches that can tackle complex sustainability challenges, such as biodiversity loss, pollution, and climate-related hazards. In this context, city governments’ engagement in transdisciplinarity is generally seen as a key condition for societal transformation towards sustainability. However, empirical evidence is rare. This paper presentsa self-assessment of a joint research project on ecosystem services and climate adaptation planning (ECOSIMP) undertaken by four universities and seven Swedish municipalities. We apply a set of design principles and guiding questions for transdisciplinary sustainability projects and, on this basis, identify key aspects for supporting university–municipality collaboration. We show that: (1) selecting the number and type of project stakeholders requires more explicit consideration of the purpose of societal actors’ participation; (2) concrete, interim benefits for participating practitioners and organisations need to be continuously discussed; (3) promoting the ‘inter’, i.e., interdisciplinary and inter-city learning, can support transdisciplinarity and, ultimately, urban sustainability and long-term change. In this context, we found that design principles for transdisciplinarity have the potential to (4) mitigate project shortcomings, even when transdisciplinarity is not an explicit aim, and (5) address differences and allow new voices to be heard. We propose additional guiding questions to address shortcomings and inspire reflexivity in transdisciplinary projects.

  • 46.
    Carlsson, Margareta
    et al.
    Department of Geriatric and Long-term Care Medicine, Gothenburg University.
    Berg, Stig
    Department of Geriatric and Long-term Care Medicine, Gothenburg University.
    Wenestam, Claes-Göran
    Department of Educational Research, Gothenburg University.
    The oldest old: patterns of adjustment and dependence1991In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 5, no 2, p. 93-100Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the present study was to investigate how dependence was experienced by 129 non-institutionalized 85-year-old persons, who previously had been categorized into seven different patterns of adjustment. The participants' subjective experiences of dependence were expressed in in-depth interviews and additionally, mobility, self-maintenance and need of help in daily living was conventionally assessed. When the results from these two methods were compared, it was found that subjectively experienced dependence did not generally correspond with the scorings on dependence. The in-depth interviews revealed that subjects with poorer adjustment could be most affected by minor impairments, while physical impairments were of a subordinate importance to those who were better adjusted. For appropriate caring interventions, it is therefore suggested that conventionally assessed dependence needs to be supplemented with documented subjective experiences of dependence.

  • 47.
    Carlsson, Margareta
    et al.
    Department of Geriatric and Long-term Care Medicine, Gothenburg University.
    Berg, Stig
    Department of Geriatric and Long-term Care Medicine, Gothenburg University.
    Wenestam, Claes-Göran
    Department of Educational Research, Gothenburg University.
    The oldest old: patterns of adjustment and life experiences1991In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 5, no 4, p. 203-210Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A qualitative method was used to study the life experiences and the adjustment to very old age of a non-institutionalized population of 129 85-year-olds living in Gothenburg, Sweden. In-depth interviews were analyzed and categorized and seven patterns of adjustment emerged: Self-Realizing, Mature Aging, Adapting, Dependent, Resignedly Accepting, Despairing and Withdrawing. Additionally, a coping strategy—ritualization of time and occupations—was revealed in the interviews. These results reflect the heterogeneity among this age group and indicate that the subjective reality should be seriously considered both in further research and in the care of the elderly.

  • 48.
    Clausson, Eva
    Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society.
    Skolsköterskors uppfattning om, dokumentation av samt modeller för att arbeta med att förbättra skolbarns hälsa2009In: Elevhälsa: för dig som ingår i elevvårdsteamet, no 2, p. 21-25Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Clausson, Eva
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Berg, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Family intervention sessions: one useful way to improve schoolchildren's mental health2008In: Journal of Family Nursing, ISSN 1074-8407, E-ISSN 1552-549X, Vol. 14, no 3, p. 289-313Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines the effectiveness of therapeutic conversations with families (through family sessions) in alleviating health complaints among adolescent girls in a school setting. Four girls with recurrent, subjective health complaints and their families were included in the study. Three sessions were held with each family, using genograms, ecomaps, interventive questions, and other family nursing interventions; practicing school nurses were also present. A therapeutic letter was sent to each family at the end of the sessions. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used as a pre- and posttest measure. Evaluative interviews were carried out with the families and with school nurses. The families reported feeling relief and described positive affective, behavioral, and cognitive changes as a consequence of the interventions. The school nurses experienced the family sessions as time-saving and easy-to-use tools in their work. Involving the family when schoolchildren's recurrent mental health problems are addressed may reduce future suffering.

  • 50.
    Clausson, Eva K.
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Köhler, Lennart
    Nordic School of Public Health, Göteborg.
    Berg, Agneta
    Kristianstad University, Department of Health Sciences.
    Ethical challenges for school nurses in documenting schoolchildren's health2008In: Nursing Ethics, ISSN 0969-7330, E-ISSN 1477-0989, Vol. 15, no 1, p. 40-51Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study explored Swedish school nurses' experiences of school health record documentation. Fifty per cent of a representative sample of Swedish school nurses (n = 129) reported difficulties with documenting mental and social health problems in family relationships, schoolchildren's behaviour, and school situations. Ethical considerations concerning fears of misinterpretation and practical barriers to documentation were expressed as reasons for their worries. Mental and social ill health is an increasing and often dominating problem among schoolchildren, thus proper documentation is a basic issue, both for individuals and for the population as a whole. School nurses obviously need professional guidance regarding documentation and ethical challenges. Systematic effort should be directed towards recognition and support of these nurses' unique opportunities to consider, follow and promote all aspects of schoolchildren's health.

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