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  • 1. Aminoff, Sofie R
    et al.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    University of Oslo & Oslo University Hospital.
    Lagerberg, Trine V
    Andreassen, Ole A
    Melle, Ingrid
    Decreased self-reported arousal in schizophrenia during aversive picture viewing compared to bipolar disorder and healthy controls.2011Ingår i: Psychiatry Research, ISSN 0165-1781, E-ISSN 1872-7123, Vol. 185, nr 3, s. 309-314Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Both schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with disturbances in emotion processing. Previous studies suggest that patients with SCZ assess unpleasant pictures as less arousing than healthy controls (HC), while patients with BD assess neutral pictures as more arousing than HC. No previous studies have investigated whether there is a difference in emotional response across all three groups. Our aim was to explore whether there was a difference in the evaluation of valence and in arousal between SCZ, BD and HC for aversive and neutral pictures. We showed 72 pictures (neutral, non-socially aversive and socially aversive) from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) to 347 subjects. There was a clear interaction effect between the diagnostic group and increasing picture aversiveness for both valence and arousal. There were no significant differences in valence ratings between the different groups or in arousal ratings on any type of stimuli between BD patients and HC. However, SCZ patients reported significantly lower arousal for aversive stimuli, particularly with a social content, when compared to BD patients and HC. This was more pronounced in females. The presence of lifetime psychotic symptoms did not influence emotional responses.

  • 2.
    Andrén, Martin
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Hälsa och Samhälle.
    Gustafsson, Daniel
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Hälsa och Samhälle.
    "Folk kommer att dö": Framtida krigsveteraner och hur samhället ska kunna möta deras behov2011Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of our study is to research what the future help-needs and expectations on the civilian society are among Swedish soldiers before they are sent on their first deployment abroad, especially to Afghanistan. The fact that Sweden sends soldiers to a warzone is something that is new nd research according the help-needs from the returning soldiers are missing.

    This study is based on a qualitative method where the data consists of four focus group interviews with at least two participants in each focus group from three different military bases in Sweden. The results indicate that the soldiers´expectations on the civilian society are low but that they would like to have more support from the civilian society. An important notice during the study, we encountered the fact that the participants in some way feel stigmatized. The results also show that they want the Swedish armed forces to be in charge and provide the care for the soldiers where health professionals involved have som military background. In the results found we also see that they are in different extent thinking and aware of the risks with deployment in Afghanistan and that they are thinking more on the physical risks rather than the psychological.

    One of the final conclusions is that if they really are stigmatized this might be a new group of people for the Swedish social services to work with.

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    Folk kommer att dö
  • 3.
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    Växjö universitet.
    Social network in patients with severe mental illness2005Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 4.
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    Växjö universitet.
    Staff's experiences and understanding of support to abused women with mental illness2008Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Several studies have reported that care and support staff has a tendency to ignore recognising violence against women with mental illness, which lead to increased feelings of stigma in these women. Today there is a lack of in-depth knowledge about factors that may influence care providers attitudes in encounters with these women. The aim of this qualitative study was to describe how staff experience and understand their everyday work with abused women with mental illness.

    Methods: 13 professionals who in their working practice encountered women with mental illness and experience of abuse were interviewed by means of unstructured thematic interviews. Data were analysed by using latent content analysis in order to identify categories a nd themes.

    Results: Participating staff found it hard to understand abuse against women with mental illness. They lack knowledge about how to handle and interpret this phenomenon and developed personal frames of interpretations and strategies for handling the women’s needs. They experienced their everyday work with these women as painful and ambiguous and made them act pragmatic mainly in a practical way that sometimes included assertive attitudes.

    Conclusion: Staff working with abused women with mental illness is in a vulnerable position due to lack of understanding and knowledge about the phenomenon. In such position it is at risk to adopt stigmatised attitudes against the women and thereby challenge the professionals’ occupational safety.

  • 5.
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    Växjö universitet.
    The prevalence of abuse in Swedish female users of psychiatric care2005Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 6.
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Våldsutsatthet bland kvinnor som vänder sig till psykiatrisk vård2010Ingår i: Att fråga om våldsutsatthet som en del av anamnesen, Uppsala: Nationellt centrum för kvinnofrid (NCK) , 2010, s. 159-166Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [sv]

    Hot och våld som riktas mot kvinnor med psykisk sjukdom är vanligt förkommande i vårt samhälle i dag och medför att kvinnornas psykiska hälsa och självkänsla försämras. För att tillgodose deras behov av vård och stöd måste personal inom det samhällsbaserade vård- och stödsystemet i större utsträckning än vad som görs i dag ställa frågor om utsatthet samt informera om hjälp som finns att tillgå. Dessutom behöver personal utbildning för att bättre förstå bakomliggande orsaker till våld mot dessa kvinnor samt hur de på bästa sätt ska bemötas. För att personal ska kunna tillgodose behov hos våldsutsatta kvinnor med psykisk sjukdom måste verksamhetsledningen oavsett beslutsnivå legitimera personalens arbete med denna grupp kvinnor.

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  • 7. Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    et al.
    Brunt, David
    Rask, Mikael
    The structure of Antonovsky's sense of coherence in patients with schizophrenia and its relationship to psychopathology2005Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 19, nr 3, s. 280-287Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The main aim of the study was to investigate whether the three hypothesized subscales of Antonovsky's sense of coherence (SOC) scale: comprehensibility, meaningfulness and manageability, can be found when measuring SOC in a sample of patients with schizophrenia living in the community. A further aim was to study the relationship between SOC and psychopathology. The concept of SOC has been proposed to explain successful coping with life stressors. A total of 120 patients completed the SOC scale and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to assess the psychopathology of the patients. The SOC scale was analysed by means of a factor analysis with a varimax rotation and the Spearman rank correlation test was used to test for associations between subscales, factors and psychiatric symptoms. A four-factor model presented the best solution and explained 48% of the total variation in SOC. The first factor, which included 12-items of the SOC scale, turned out to be the most salient factor explaining 29% of the total variation. All factors displayed some overlapping between items. Affective symptoms were negatively related to all the three subscales and the four factors of SOC, while positive symptoms were similarly related to two of the subscales and two of the factors while negative symptoms were not associated with any of the factors or subscales. The findings in this study corroborate those in studies with other patient groups and indicate that the theoretical framework of SOC should not be adopted uncritically. Furthermore, the use of the three subscales in the SOC scale in studies of patients with a severe mental illness is questioned and a further investigation of the relationship between SOC and psychopathology is proposed.

  • 8.
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Ehliasson, Kent
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Victimization in individuals suffering from psychosis: a Swedish cross-sectional study2012Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, ISSN 1351-0126, E-ISSN 1365-2850, Vol. 19, nr 1, s. 23-30Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The aims of the study were to investigate: (1) self-reported adulthood and last-year victimization in male and female outpatients suffering from psychosis; (2) relationships to perpetrators; (3) whether drugs or alcohol were involved in victimization situations; (4) places where victimization occurred. Patients were randomly selected from five outpatient units geared to patients with psychosis; 174 patients participated in a structured face-to-face interview. Experiences of victimization in adulthood were reported by 67%, 33% in the previous year. During adulthood 51% had been physically and 32% sexually victimized and 39% threatened. In the previous year 21% reported threats, 20% physical and 15% sexual victimization. Women reported greater exposure to physical and sexual victimization than men during adulthood and in the previous year. Strangers and acquaintances were mainly reported as perpetrators and half (55%) of those victimized in the previous year stated no involvement of alcohol or drugs. Victimization mainly occurred in the patients' own home (59%), outside downtown (34%), or in others homes (38%). The results of this study give reason to highlight the importance for research and clinical practices to adopt a broad frame of interpretation concerning victimization in patients, covering both individual and environmental factors.

  • 9.
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap.
    Hansson, Lars
    Lunds universitet.
    Clinical and social changes in severely mentally ill individuals admitted to an outpatient psychosis team: an 18-month follow-up study2003Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 17, nr 1, s. 3-11Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: The study investigated clinical and social changes during an 18-month follow-up period in a group (n = 76) of schizophrenic outpatients admitted to a newly implemented outpatient psychosis team. Changes related to level of contact with the psychosis team were also examined as well as aspects of the content of the treatment interventions and work situation from a staff perspective. Methods: Structured face-to-face interviews with the patients were performed at baseline and after 18 months. The Camberwell Assessment of Need instrument, the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile and the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction were used on both interview occasions along with Global Assessment of Functioning Scale and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Thematic open-ended questions were used in staff interviews. Results: Psychiatric symptoms, number of needs and number of met needs decreased, and perceived quality of life improved for the total sample during the follow-up period. Patients only in contact with a psychiatrist in the psychosis team improved more in symptoms and spent fewer days in hospital during follow-up time compared with those who had combined psychiatric and supportive contacts, and were also more satisfied with their medication. Patients with a combined contact deteriorated in psychosocial functioning compared with the group only in contact with a psychiatrist. Some of the elements in treatment interventions and work situation as well as hindrances in providing community-based care adapted to the patients' needs were identified. Conclusions: Community-based psychiatric services, to a larger extent, need to embrace evidence-based interventions and to perform regular, structured and comprehensive need assessments in order to ensure the effectiveness of interventions. Attention should be paid to staff motivation and education as well as to providing practical guidelines, supervision and support.

  • 10.
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap.
    Hansson, Lars
    Landlords experiences of tenants sufferingfrom severe mental illness2013Ingår i: Recovery-Oriented Mental Health Services: Therapeutic, Organisational and Economic challenges, 2013, s. 194-Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Background/Objectives

    Persons suffering from severe mental illness (SMI) live – and prefer to live – independently, in either private or public apartment blocks without on-site services. Living in own apartments increase feelings of safety and well-being and function as a robust social status marker. Landlords are important actors in gaining stability and sustainability and it has been found that landlords have a plethora of preconceptions, attitudes, emotions as well as well as ethical dilemmas in offering apartments to this group of persons. Today there is a lack systematic knowledge about the role landlords have come play in providing sustainable housing for these persons. The main aim of this qualitative study was to describe landlords’ experiences of having tenant suffering from SMI

    Methods

    Sixteen landlords in various parts of Sweden participated in open in-depth interviews three years after the government proclaimed a vision zero regarding homelessness among individuals with SMI. Data was subjected to thematic latent content analysis.

    Results

    Landlords experienced being confronted with difficult circumstances such as mismanagement of apartments, sensitivity and provocative behaviors in relation to both tenants with SMI and neighbors. In acute situations landlords tried to collaborate with the community based psychiatric service system but were neglected. As a result and without the knowledge of how to best help they started to provide support to tenants with SMI involving going beyond professional boarders.

    Discussion/Conclusion

    The findings give reasons to conclude that community-based psychiatric services need to be more pro-active in their collaboration with landlords. Also education interventions with a focus on how to best help tenants with SMI need to be developed and implemented.

  • 11.
    Bengtsson-Tops, Anita
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Ehliasson, Kent
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Psykossjuka drabbas oftare av våld2012Ingår i: Kristianstadsbladet, ISSN 1103-9523, nr 20/6, s. B4-Artikel i tidskrift (Övrig (populärvetenskap, debatt, mm))
    Abstract [sv]

    Män och kvinnor som drabbats av psykossjukdom utsätts i betydligt större omfattning än folk i allmänhet för hot om våld och fysiskt och sexualiserat våld ute i vårt samhälle.

  • 12.
    Dahlstedt, Sara
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Färdig, Pernilla
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Patientens upplevelse av akupunktur som behandling vid ångest2015Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Ångest är en folksjukdom som cirka 25 % av befolkningen drabbas av någon gång i sitt liv. Behandlingsmetoderna är få, så som läkemedelsbehandling, och innebär ofta ett patogent förhållningssätt till patienten. Ett av sjuksköterskans ansvarsområden är omvårdnad, och enligt kompetensbeskrivningen ska hen främja hälsa och omvårdnad med ett salutogent förhållningssätt. Integrativ vård, så som akupunktur, riktar sig mot att främja just hälsa och det salutogena. Akupunktur används idag inom psykiatrin, men ingår inte i sjuksköterskans grundutbildning. Information om behandling och effekt förväntas ändå att ges trots den bristande kunskapen. Syfte: Syftet var att ur ett patientperspektiv beskriva upplevelsen av akupunkturbehandling vid ångest. Metod: Litteraturstudien bygger på sex kvalitativa artiklar, som hämtats från olika databaser. En manifest innehållsanalys gjordes för att få fram den data ur artiklarna som svarade an på syftet och som bildade resultatet. Resultat: Det framkom tre kategorier av patientens upplevelse, dessa var: lindring, oro samt hopp och välmående. Majoriteten av patienterna upplevde en stark ångestlindring och svarar då an på den här studiens syfte. Övriga upplevelser var att läkemedelsbehovet kunde minskas, och att akupunkturbehandlingen gav en känsla av hopp och ökat välmående. Ett visst obehag kunde infinna sig hos patienterna. Trots obehag upplevde samtliga patienter behandlingen som mycket positiv. Slutsats: Denna studie styrker akupunkturens lindrande effekt på ångest och positiva inverkan på omvårdnad. Författarnas förförståelse har blivit bekräftad. Det finns svagheter i studien gällande generaliserbarhet, grundat i det bristande underlaget, samt tillförlitlighet gällande författarnas bristande erfarenheter att utföra en liknande studie. Mer forskning krävs inom ämnet.

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  • 13. Eklund, Mona
    et al.
    Hansson, Lars
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    Lunds universitet.
    The influence of temperament and character on functioning and aspects of psychological health among people with schizophrenia2004Ingår i: European psychiatry, ISSN 0924-9338, E-ISSN 1778-3585, Vol. 19, nr 1, s. 34-41Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Research findings that link personality factors to functioning and symptoms in schizophrenia are inconsistent, and further studies are needed within the area. The purpose of this study was to investigate how personality, as measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), was related to demographic factors, subtypes of diagnoses, level of functioning, and aspects of psychological health, including sense of coherence, perceived control, and self-esteem, among people with schizophrenia. Subjects were 104 individuals, aged 20-55 years, in psychiatric outpatient care. The results indicated that personality was not related to subtypes of diagnoses or demographic characteristics of the respondents, but to level of functioning and all aspects of psychological health. Especially self-directedness distinguished three groups of functioning and was highly correlated with the different aspects of psychological health. The article discusses how knowledge of schizophrenic patients' personality structure might be used for tailoring psychiatric treatments. (C) 2003 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

  • 14.
    Granqvist, Annika
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Persson, Fabian
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Patienters behov av samtal med sjuksköterska i primärvården vid psykisk ohälsa: samt patienters upplevelser av samtalet2012Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: I Sverige lider 20-40 procent av befolkningen av psykisk ohälsa. Det är den tredje vanligaste orsaken till att söka hjälp i primärvården. Livsförändringar kan leda till psykisk ohälsa och samtalsbehandling kan vara exempel på bearbetning för att förbättra hälsan. Primärvården är den första instansen till psykisk omvårdnad och en av dess uppgifter är förebyggande hälsoarbete. Syfte: Var att beskriva patienters behov av samtal med sjuksköterska i primärvården vid psykisk ohälsa samt vad patienterna upplevde av samtalet. Metod: En allmänlitteratur studie genomfördes som baserades på tio kvalitativa och fem kvantitativa artiklar. Resultat: Patienter beskrev att vid livskris hade de behov av att ha någon som lyssnade och samtalade med. Vid psykisk ohälsa hade patienter ofta somatiska problem och vice versa. Patienterna uppskattade relationen med sjuksköterskan och upplevde i samtalet ökad självkänsla och bättre livskvalitet. Primärvården upplevdes inte kunna tillgodose det behov för samtal som fanns. Patienterna upplevde fördomar kring psykisk ohälsa. Diskussion: Om patienters behov av samtal inte tillgodoses kan deras självkänsla och hälsa försämras. När människors copingmekanismer inte längre räcker till behövs nya synvinklar, då kan samtal vara till hjälp. Ökad tillgång till samtal med sjuksköterska kan medföra förbättrad psykisk hälsa och bidra till minskning av stigma. Slutsats: Patienter känner behov för samtal med sjuksköterska vid psykisk ohälsa i primärvården och upplever lättnad och ökad självkänsla i samtalet. Om det fanns fler sjuksköterskor med inriktning på samtalsbehandling inom primärvården skulle patienters behov kanske bättre kunna tillgodoses. Det vore önskvärt om acceptansen för psykisk ohälsa eftersträvade den inställning som är rådande i samhället vad gäller fysisk ohälsa.

    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
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  • 15.
    Haatveit, Beathe
    et al.
    Oslo University Hospital.
    Melle, Ingrid
    Oslo University Hospital.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, Avdelningen för Humanvetenskap.
    Sundet, Kjetil
    University of Oslo.
    Vaskinn, Anja
    University of Oslo.
    Simonsen, Carmen
    Oslo University Hospital.
    Andreassen, Ole
    Oslo University Hospital.
    Ueland, Torill
    Oslo University Hospital.
    Are executive functions stable in first episode patients?: one year follow-up study2014Ingår i: Early Intervention in Psychiatry, ISSN 1751-7885, E-ISSN 1751-7893, Vol. 8, s. 75-Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 16.
    Haatveit, Beathe
    et al.
    University of Oslo.
    Vaskinn, Anja
    University of Oslo.
    Sundet, Kjetil S
    University of Oslo.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, Avdelningen för Humanvetenskap. University of Oslo.
    Andreassen, Ole A
    University of Oslo.
    Melle, Ingrid
    University of Oslo.
    Ueland, Torill
    University of Oslo.
    Stability of executive functions in first episode psychosis: one year follow up study2015Ingår i: Psychiatry Research, ISSN 0165-1781, E-ISSN 1872-7123, Vol. 228, nr 3, s. 475-481Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Executive functioning is a multi-dimensional construct covering several sub-processes. The aim of this study was to determine whether executive functions, indexed by a broad range of executive measures remain stable in first episode psychosis (FEP) over time. Eighty-two patients and 107 age and gender matched healthy controls were assessed on five subdomains of executive functioning; working memory, fluency, flexibility, and inhibitory control at baseline and at 1 year follow-up. Results showed that patients performed significantly poorer than controls on all executive measures at both assessment points. In general executive functions remained stable from baseline to follow-up, although both groups improved on measures of inhibitory control and flexibility. In phonemic fluency, controls showed a slight improvement while patients showed a slight decline. Investigation of individual trajectories revealed some fluctuations in both groups over time, but mainly supports the group level findings. The implications of these results are discussed.

  • 17.
    Hansson, Lars
    et al.
    Lund University Hospital.
    Sandlund, Mikael
    Umeå University.
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    Department of Psychiatry Sector West Malmö.
    Bjarnason, Olafur
    Island.
    Karlsson, Hasse
    Finland.
    Mackerprang, Torben
    Danmark.
    Merinder, Lars
    Danmark.
    Nilsson, Liselotte
    Department of Psychiatry Sector West Malmö.
    Sørgaard, Knut
    Norge.
    Vinding, Hanne
    Danmark.
    Middelboe, Thomas
    Danmark.
    The relationship of needs and quality of life in persons with schizophrenia living in the community: a Nordic multi-center study2003Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 0803-9488, E-ISSN 1502-4725, Vol. 57, nr 1, s. 5-11Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The relationship between needs for care and support and subjective quality of life was investigated in a cross-sectional multi-center study including 418 individuals with schizophrenia from 10 centers in Nordic countries. Needs in 22 domains were investigated by interviews with key workers and their patients using the Camberwell Assessment of Need scale, and quality of life by the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile. The results showed that key workers rated slightly more needs than patients. To have more unmet needs, as rated by both key workers and patients, were correlated to a worse overall subjective quality of life, while met needs showed no such association. A regression analysis, controlling for clinical and social characteristics of the patients, showed more unmet needs to be associated with a worse quality of life, accounting for 6% out of a total of 41% explained variance in subjective quality of life. Regression analyses of the relationship of unmet needs in specific life domains and overall quality of life showed that unmet needs in five domains as perceived by patients accounted for 17% of the explained variance in overall quality of life. More than half of this variance was related to an unmet need in the domain of social relationships. It is concluded that unmet needs are of specific importance in needs assessment and that attention must be paid to separate met needs for care and services from unmet needs, since the latter seem more important to consider in order to improve outcome of interventions with regard to quality of life. Specific attention should in this context also be paid to unmet needs concerning social relationships and problems with accommodation.

  • 18.
    Håkansson, Simon
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Olsson, Pontus
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Psykiatrisk tvångsvård: en litteraturstudie om patientens upplevelse2014Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: I Sverige tvångsvårdas 3000 personer varje dag utifrån Lagen om psykiatrisk tvångsvård eller Lagen om rättspsykiatrisk vård. Tvångsvård får endast ges om personen lider av en allvarlig psykisk störning, eller på grund av sitt psykiska tillstånd har ett nödvändigt behov av psykiatrisk vård, som inte kan tillgodoses på annat sätt än att personen är intagen på en psykiatrisk vårdavdelning. Viktiga principer att praktisera vid tvångsvård är autonomiprincipen, människovärdesprincipen, legalitetsprincipen och integritetsprincipen.Syftet: Syftet i denna litteraturstudie var att belysa patientens upplevelse av psykiatrisk tvångsvård inom slutenvård.Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie med 14 kvalitativa artiklar som inkluderats efter sökning i databaserna Cinahl, PubMed och PsycINFO.Resultat: Åtta olika kategorier framkom, Att medicineras under tvång, Att bli frihetsberövad, Att få adekvat stöd från personal och familj, Att få adekvat och kompetent vård, Att inte få tillräckligt med information, Att inte bli bemött som en värdig människa, Att inte få behålla sin autonomi, Att inte få behålla sin identitet.Diskussion: Resultatdiskussionen är baserad på tre huvudfynd, Delaktighet, Information, Människovärde. Dessa fynd har diskuterats med hjälp av viktiga principer att praktisera vid tvångsvård, samt med hjälp av annan forskning inom psykiatrin.

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  • 19.
    Janlöv, Ann-Christin
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap II. Högskolan Kristianstad, Forskningsplattformen Hälsa i samverkan.
    Persson, Irene
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap I.
    Berg, Agneta
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap II. Högskolan Kristianstad, Forskningsplattformen Hälsa i samverkan.
    The lived experience of a 24-hour support center for persons with psychiatric disabilities: making me feel almost like an ordinary person2014Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing, ISSN 2162-5336, E-ISSN 2162-5344, Vol. 4, nr 1, s. 42-50Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    This study illuminates nine psychiatric disabled persons’ lived experience of a newly established community-based service center open around the clock. This new 24-hour support center (SC) was established in 2011 in a Swedish community to better match and facilitate the disabled persons’ needs. In order to illuminate the disabled person’s experiences individual interview was performed. A phenomenological-hermeneutical method inspired by Paul Ricoeur was used to interpret the texts. After a naive reading, a structural analysis revealed two themes: 1), becoming aware of myself as a person, and 2) having a lifeline and belongingness. The comprehensive understanding was interpreted as meaning “Making me feel almost like an ordinary person”, which incorporated the person’s past with their present together with a direction for the future and hope for a more fulfilling life.

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  • 20.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    et al.
    University of Oslo & Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo.
    Kapur, S.
    Salience and psychosis: moving from theory to practise2009Ingår i: Psychological Medicine, ISSN 0033-2917, E-ISSN 1469-8978, Vol. 39, nr 2, s. 197-198Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 21.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    et al.
    Malmö högskola.
    Nilsson, Lise-Lotte
    Malmö högskola.
    Levander, Sten
    Malmö högskola.
    Neurocognitive and psychopathological correlates of self-monitoring ability in schizophrenia.2004Ingår i: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, ISSN 0940-1334, E-ISSN 1433-8491, Vol. 254, nr 5, s. 312-317Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In a previous study reported by our group one salient finding was that many patients with schizophrenia appeared to be unable to judge their own quality of life (QoL) and that this inability was associated with negative symptoms. The association between negative symptoms, poor self-monitoring capacity and lack of insight might be explained by a common underlying factor, i.e. neurocognitive impairment. Fifty schizophrenic patients were examined by symptom ratings and a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. The cognitive performance of the patients was very poor. The major findings of the present study were the association between clinically rated Lack of judgement (PANSS G12) and 1) a set of standard performance and executive indices of the computerised tests, and 2) difference scores between objective performance/strategies and self-ratings of the same attributes. There appears to be a substantial contribution of cognitive and executive problems to the poor judgement and lack of insight of schizophrenic patients, and these problems can to some extent be assessed objectively.

  • 22.
    Klefbeck, Kamilla
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap inriktning grundskola, gymnasium och specialpedagogik. Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, Forskningsmiljön Forskning Relationell Pedagogik (FoRP). Malmö universitet.
    Educational approaches to improve communication skills of learners with autism spectrum disorder and comorbid intellectual disability: An integrative systematic review2021Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, ISSN 0031-3831, E-ISSN 1470-1170, s. 1-18Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Enabling functional communication is critical for accessibility in school and society for all pupils. This systematic review analyzed the results of educational studies on developing communication skills for learners (<= 21 years) with autism spectrum disorder and comorbid intellectual disability. Systematic database searches were conducted using ERIC, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. Seventeen of 208 peer-reviewed articles in English published between 1990 and 2020 met the inclusion criteria. The analysis identified various educational approaches, ranging from using alternative linguistic tools (e.g., signs and gestures) to physical devices (e.g., visual cues), and also examined instructional approaches used by educators. The synthesis shows heterogeneity of methods used, resulting in weak evidence for any model's impact on this pupil group's communication skills development and concomitant possibilities to affect their school situation. In addition, the analysis demonstrated that personnel performance crucially affects children's opportunities to learn regardless of the approach used. Directions for future research are concluded.

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  • 23.
    Landin, Hanna
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap.
    Palme, Jenny
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap.
    "Vi kämpar tillsammans": En litteraturöversikt om vårdpersonalens erfarenheter av vårdmötet med personer med ätstörningar2021Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Ätstörningar är en psykiatrisk sjukdom som drabbar främst unga personer. Bland psykiatriska tillstånd har anorexia nervosa den högsta mortaliteten. Vårdpersonalen står ofta inför utmaningar då personerna sällan inser att de behöver vård. Vårdmötet skildras utifrån vården, förhållningssättet och relationen som uppstår. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva vårdpersonalens erfarenhet av vårdmötet med personer med ätstörningar. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie baserad på 12 kvalitativa artiklar utifrån databaser med huvudämnen omvårdnad och psykiatrisk omvårdnad. Granskning av artiklarna utfördes med hjälp av HKR:s granskningsmall för kvalitativa artiklar. Analysen genomfördes enligt Fribergs (2017) trestegsmodell. Resultat: Erfarenheterna om vårdmötet delades in i fem kategorier. Kategorierna var relationen har betydelse och kräver gränssättning, utifrån personernas handlingssätt ändras personalens förhållningssätt, måltidsövervakning innebär en stödjande funktion, kunskap har en positiv inverkan vid utförandet av tvångsinsatser och att ge och ta kontroll medför svårigheter i vårdprocessen. Diskussion: Metoddiskussionen utgår från Shentons (2004) trovärdighetsbegrepp. Tre fynd lyfts i resultatdiskussionen vilka var förhållningssättets påverkan av beteende och värderingar, behov av kunskap vid tvångsinsatser och den privata relationens påverkan i omvårdnaden. Fynden diskuteras utifrån omvårdnadsteorier, etiska aspekter och samhällsperspektiv. 

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  • 24.
    Larsen, Rebecca
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap.
    Abdo, Sara
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap.
    Vårdpersonals attityder till patienter med självskadebeteende med fokus på sjuksköterskans attityder: en litteraturstudie2020Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Många människor lider av psykisk ohälsa. Ett sätt att uttrycka och hantera känslor av psykiska ohälsa kan vara genom att skada sig själv. Självskadebeteende är ett underbegrepp till självdestruktivt beteende. Självskadebeteende klassificeras som ett icke-suicidalt självskade-syndrom. Självskadebeteende kan uttryckas genom att en person frivilligt engagerat sig i självförvållad skada mot egen kroppsyta som troligtvis åstadkommit smärta, blåmärke eller blödning. Riskfaktorer kan bland annat vara genetisk sårbarhet, negativa livshändelser eller traumatiska upplevelser. Självskadebeteendet kan leda till ett sämre psykiskt mående. Därför ansågs det vara av väsentlighet att undersöka och beskriva vårdpersonals attityder till denna patientgrupp. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva vårdpersonals attityder till patienter med självskadebeteende med särskilt fokus på sjuksköterskans attityder. Metod: En litteraturöversikt där resultatet bygger på 11 vetenskapliga artiklar varav fem kvalitativa och sex kvantitativa. Sökningar efter relevanta artiklar gjordes i två olika databaser. Artiklarna analyserades utifrån en innehållsanalys. Resultat: Fyra kategorier i relation till syftet identifierades; avog attityd, stigmatiserande attityd, empatisk attityd och förstående attityd. Beroende på utbildning och erfarenhet så varierade attityderna. Stigmatisering och objektifiering kunde förekomma. Diskussion: I metoddiskussionen diskuterades studiens metod med hjälp av fyra trovärdighetsbegrepp: tillförlitlighet, verifierbarhet, pålitlighet och överförbarhet. I resultatdiskussionen diskuterades tre områden; brist på utbildning och kunskap, fördela tiden och prioritera patienten samt kontinuitet och samverkan. Vårdpersonalens attityder till självskadebeteende var avgörande för hur effektiv vården kommer att vara för denna patientgrupp.

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  • 25.
    Liljedahl, Anne
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Hälsa och Samhälle.
    Svensson, Helén
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Hälsa och Samhälle.
    Självskadebeteende: Bemöter kuratorer ungdomar med självskadebeteende omedvetet olika?2010Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim with this study was to learn about the experiences of field workers and welfare officers in the field of possible self-harm behavior among young people.Our problem was: Do field workers and welfare officers treat young people with deliberate self-harm differently and - How do field workers and welfare officers describe deliberate self- harm?

    Our study was conducted through qualitative semistructured interviews with twelve interviewee’s.The result of this study shows that there is a difference in how young people with self-harm behavior are being treated - based on their gender.One possible cause for this result could be the old tradition mindset of viewing boys and girls differently – and thus, treating them differently when they seek help.Our study shows there is a possibility of treating boys and girls differently – which shows that we made a thought-provoking point

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  • 26.
    Lindqvist, Daniel
    et al.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, Lund University Hospital.
    Janelidze, Shorena
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, Lund University Hospital.
    Hagell, Peter
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University.
    Erhardt, Sophie
    Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet.
    Samuelsson, Martin
    Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Section, Linköping University.
    Minthon, Lennart
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University.
    Hansson, Oskar
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University.
    Björkqvist, Maria
    Department of Experimental Medicine, Neuronal Survival Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University.
    Träskman-Bendz, Lil
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, Lund University Hospital.
    Brundin, Lena
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, Lund University Hospital.
    Interleukin-6 is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of suicide attempters and related to symptom severity2009Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry, ISSN 0006-3223, E-ISSN 1873-2402, Vol. 66, nr 3, s. 287-292Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Depressive disorders are associated with immune system alterations that can be detected in the blood. Cytokine concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and their relationship to aspects of suicidality have previously not been investigated.

    METHODS: We measured interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in CSF and plasma of suicide attempters (n = 63) and healthy control subjects (n = 47). Patients were classified according to diagnosis and violent or nonviolent suicide attempt. We evaluated suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms using the Suicide Assessment Scale and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). We also analyzed the relation between cytokines and monoamine metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in CSF, as well as the integrity of the blood-brain barrier as reflected by the CSF:serum albumin ratio.

    RESULTS: IL-6 in CSF was significantly higher in suicide attempters than in healthy control subjects. Patients who performed violent suicide attempts displayed the highest IL-6. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between MADRS scores and CSF IL-6 levels in all patients. IL-6 and TNF-alpha correlated significantly with 5-HIAA and HVA in CSF, but not with MHPG. Cytokine levels in plasma and CSF were not associated, and patients with increased blood-brain barrier permeability did not exhibit elevated cytokine levels.

    CONCLUSIONS: We propose a role for CSF IL-6 in the symptomatology of suicidal behavior, possibly through mechanisms involving alterations of dopamine and serotonin metabolism.

  • 27.
    Lycke Brandt, Christine
    et al.
    K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
    Eichele, Tom
    Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen.
    Melle, Ingrid
    K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
    Sundet, Kjetil
    Department of Psychology, University of Oslo.
    Server, Andrés
    Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital.
    Agartz, Ingrid
    K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
    Hugdahl, Kenneth
    Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, Avdelningen för Humanvetenskap.
    Andreassen, Ole A.
    K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
    Working memory networks and activation patterns in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: comparison with healthy controls2014Ingår i: British Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 0007-1250, E-ISSN 1472-1465, Vol. 204, nr 4, s. 290-298Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are severe mental disorders with overlapping genetic and clinical characteristics, including cognitive impairments. An important question is whether these disorders also have overlapping neuronal deficits.

    AIMS: To determine whether large-scale brain networks associated with working memory, as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), are the same in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and how they differ from those in healthy individuals.

    METHOD: Patients with schizophrenia (n = 100) and bipolar disorder (n = 100) and a healthy control group (n = 100) performed a 2-back working memory task while fMRI data were acquired. The imaging data were analysed using independent component analysis to extract large-scale networks of task-related activations.

    RESULTS: Similar working memory networks were activated in all groups. However, in three out of nine networks related to the experimental task there was a graded response difference in fMRI signal amplitudes, where patients with schizophrenia showed greater activation than those with bipolar disorder, who in turn showed more activation than healthy controls. Secondary analysis of the patient groups showed that these activation patterns were associated with history of psychosis and current elevated mood in bipolar disorder.

    CONCLUSIONS: The same brain networks were related to working memory in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and controls. However, some key networks showed a graded hyperactivation in the two patient groups, in line with a continuum of neuronal abnormalities across psychotic disorders.

  • 28.
    Persson, Lena
    et al.
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Hedenborg, Camilla
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle.
    Patienters upplevelser av att vårdas för borderline personlighetssyndrom2017Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att patienter med borderline personlighetssyndrom (BPD) upplever negativa attityder och inte erbjuds den vård de behöver vid kontakt med den psykiatriska vården. Patienter med BPD uppvisar en stark emotionell smärta och känslomässig instabilitet vilket innebär att sjuksköterskan upplever svårigheter och osäkerhet vid omvårdnad av dessa patienter. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hur patienter med borderline personlighetssyndrom erfar och upplever den psykiatriska vården. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie baserad på elva kvalitativa studier genomfördes. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fyra kategorier: Känslor av att bli avvisad och sviken, Relationen en förutsättning, Samtalets betydelse och att bli hörd, samt Hopp om ett tillfrisknande. I resultatet framkom att det stigma och de negativa attityder som omger diagnosen BPD påverkade patienternas upplevelse av vården negativt. En bra relation till sjuksköterskan som byggde på tillit, en bra kommunikation och utgick från patientens perspektiv var viktig för att uppnå en god omvårdnad och en terapeutisk allians. Slutsats: Genom ökad kunskap om tillståndet BPD och klinisk handledning kan attityder och stigmatisering om BPD minskas. Det ökar möjligheten för sjuksköterskan att ge denna patientgrupp en positiv vårdupplevelse och en god omvårdnad.

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  • 29. Sørgaard, Knut W.
    et al.
    Sandlund, Mikael
    Heikkilä, Jyrki
    Hansson, Lars
    Vinding, Hanne R.
    Bjarnason, Olafur
    Bengtsson Tops, Anita
    Department of Psychiatry Sector West Malmö.
    Merinder, Lars
    Nilsson, Lise-Lotte
    Middelboe, Thomas
    Schizophrenia and contact with health and social services: A Nordic multi-centre study2003Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 0803-9488, E-ISSN 1502-4725, Vol. 57, nr 4, s. 253-261Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In a Nordic multi-centre study investigating the life and care situation of persons with schizophrenia living in the community, factors explaining use of health and social services were examined. Method: Four hundred and eighteen individuals with schizophrenia from 10 sites were interviewed about their contact with different services (support functions within and outside the mental health services, general practitioners (GPs), physicians in the mental health, psychotherapy, day-care and inpatient treatment), psychopathology, social network and needs for care. Results: Physicians and support contacts within the mental health system were most used and GPs and psychotherapy least. Three groups of variables were stabile predictors of contact: rural-urban differences, diagnoses (hebephrenic schizophrenia associated with less contact with physicians in the mental services and more with GPs) and health needs as experienced by the patients. No differences between the centres with regard to total service use were found, but the patterns of contact reflected urban-rural variance. A low number of health needs predicted contact with physicians within the mental health services, whereas a high number of such needs was related to contact with GPs and support functions within the mental health services. Social relations exhibited the highest number of unmet needs. Conclusions: Contact with physicians working in the mental health services was much more common than contact with GPs. Based on a broad spectre of demographic, clinical and network variables, it was not possible to find models that explained substantial parts of the variance of service use. Patterns of contact were different in rural, town and city-surroundings, and with the exception of psychotherapy, the rural pattern was characterized by use of less specialized services. The importance of health needs and diagnosis as predictors of contact illustrate the profound and lasting effects on health of having a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

  • 30.
    Wallsten, Daniel
    et al.
    Karlstads universitet.
    Norell-Clarke, Annika
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap, Avdelningen för sjuksköterskeutbildningarna och integrerad hälsovetenskap. Högskolan Kristianstad, Forskningsplattformen för Hälsa i samverkan. Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap, Forskningsmiljön Children's and Young People's Health in Social Context (CYPHiSCO). Karlstads universitet.
    Alfonsson, Sven
    Karolinska institutet & Stockholms läns sjukvårdsområde.
    Gryphon, David
    Örebro universitet.
    Eriksson, Hanna
    Örebro universitet.
    Tillfors, Maria
    Karlstads universitet.
    Treating co-morbid insomnia and social anxiety disorder with sequential CBT protocols: a single-case experimental study2021Ingår i: Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, ISSN 1352-4658, E-ISSN 1469-1833, Vol. 49, nr 6, s. 641-657Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Although insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, no studies have yet evaluated the use of sequential evidence-based treatment protocols in the population with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder.

    AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the effects of sequential treatments on co-morbid insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder. As depression is a common co-morbid syndrome for both insomnia and social anxiety, a secondary aim was to examine depressive symptoms.

    METHOD: A single-case repeated crossover AB design was used. Ten participants between 18 and 59 years of age with co-morbid DSM-5 diagnoses of insomnia disorder and social anxiety disorder received sequential treatments with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Seven participants completed the treatment course. The primary outcomes were symptoms of insomnia and social anxiety, and the secondary outcome was symptoms of depression.

    RESULTS: The effects of CBT on people with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder were mixed. The majority of participants improved their sleep quality and lessened symptoms of social anxiety and depression. However, participants differed in their degree of improvement concerning all three disorders.

    CONCLUSIONS: Sequential CBT treatments are potentially effective at decreasing symptoms of social anxiety and insomnia for people with co-morbid social anxiety disorder and insomnia disorder. The variation in outcome across participants makes firm conclusions about the treatment efficacy difficult to draw.

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  • 31.
    Welander-Vatn, Audun
    et al.
    Institute of Clinical Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Oslo.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, Avdelningen för Humanvetenskap.
    Otnaess, Mona K
    Institute of Clinical Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Oslo.
    Agartz, Ingrid
    Institute of Clinical Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Oslo.
    Server, Andres
    Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Section of Neuroradiology, Oslo University Hospital.
    Melle, Ingrid
    Institute of Clinical Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Oslo.
    Andreassen, Ole A
    Institute of Clinical Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Oslo.
    The neural correlates of cognitive control in bipolar I disorder: an fMRI study of medial frontal cortex activation during a Go/No-go task2013Ingår i: Neuroscience Letters, ISSN 0304-3940, E-ISSN 1872-7972, Vol. 549, s. 51-56Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In addition to dysregulation of mood, bipolar I disorder (BD I) is characterized by abnormalities in the execution of cognitive control. Hypoactivation of a specific sub-region in the cognitive control network, located in the medial frontal cortex, has been described among BD I patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with BD I showed decreased activation in this brain region as compared to healthy controls when performing a cognitive control task. Twenty-four BD I patients and 24 healthy controls performed a Go/No-go task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session. Performance and response times were recorded. The BD I subjects had significantly slower response times and more patients made errors of omission compared to the healthy controls during the task. Both BD I subjects and healthy controls demonstrated activations in the brain region of interest during the task, but analyses revealed no statistically significant differences between groups. Although the patients display some deviances in behavioural measures, this study reveals no significant differences between BD I subjects and healthy controls in recruitment of the medial frontal cortex during a Go/No-go task.

  • 32. Welander-Vatn, Audun S
    et al.
    Jensen, Jimmy
    Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo & Department of Psychiatry, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo.
    Lycke, Christine
    Agartz, Ingrid
    Server, Andres
    Gadmar, Øystein Bech
    Melle, Ingrid
    Nakstad, Per Hjalmar
    Andreassen, Ole A
    No altered dorsal anterior cingulate activation in bipolar II disorder patients during a Go/No-go task: an fMRI study.2009Ingår i: Bipolar Disorders, ISSN 1398-5647, E-ISSN 1399-5618, Vol. 11, nr 3, s. 270-279Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: It has been reported that one of the core features in patients with bipolar disorder II (BD II) is increased impulsivity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with BD II showed decreased activation in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) as compared to healthy controls when performing a task sensitive to impulsivity.

    METHODS: Twenty-seven BD II patients and 28 healthy controls performed a Go/No-go task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session. Eleven of the patients were unmedicated, and possible group differences between medicated and unmedicated patients were also assessed. Results: The groups did not differ in behavioral performance on the Go/No-go task. Both BD II subjects and healthy controls demonstrated dACC activity during the task, and analyses revealed no statistically significant group differences. Medicated and unmedicated patients also did not differ in the degree of fMRI activation.

    CONCLUSIONS: These findings do not support the hypothesis of abnormal dACC activity during a Go/No-go task in BD II patients.

  • 33.
    Wiberg, Emelie
    Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap.
    Förekomst av depressiva symtom hos pappor2018Självständigt arbete på avancerad nivå (magisterexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale är en screeningmetod som fungerar för att fånga upp mammors symtom på förlossningsdepression, men även pappor kan drabbas av depression i samband med att de blir föräldrar. En Screeningmetod som fångar upp depressiva symtom hos pappor saknas i dagsläget.

    Syfte: Syftet var att; a) undersöka förekomst av depressiva symtom bland  pappor med barn under sex månader, b) jämföra utfallen mellan förstagångs och icke förstagångspappor, c) samt testa reliabiliteten av instrumentet Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale hos pappor.

    Metod: En pilotstudie med tvärsnittsdesign genomfördes. En kvantitativ ansats valdes och datainsamlingen genomfördes med hjälp av en enkät. Ett reliabilitetstest av instrumentet Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale genomfördes.

    Resultat: Två av 31 pappor visar tecken till depression, flergångspappor visar fler tecken än förstagångspappor och skillnaden var signifikant. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale har god reliabilitet med en Chronbach's alfa på 0,83.

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