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Risk för undernäring bland äldre personer på särskilt boende: relation med fallrisk, trycksår och nedsatt munhälsa samt kartläggning av erbjudna preventiva åtgärder mot undernäring
Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
2015 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Risk of undernutrition among older people in special accommodation : Relationship with the risk of falling, pressure ulcers and impaired oral health and mapping of the offered preventive measures against undernutrition (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Undernäring förekommer hos uppemot 30 % av äldre personer på särskilda boenden (SÄBO). Det är ett av distriktssköterskans ansvarsområden att upprätthålla en god nutritionsvård. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka förekomst av undernäring bland äldre personer (65 år och äldre) på särskilt boende samt relationer mellan undernäring och fallrisk, risk för trycksår respektive nedsatt munhälsa. Vidare var syftet att undersöka vilka preventiva åtgärder distriktssköterskan erbjöd för att förbygga alternativt behandla undernäring hos äldre personer. Metod: Studien hade en kvantitativ ansats. Antalet studiedeltagare var 436 personer som bodde på SÄBO. Gruppjämförelser gjordes mellan tre oberoende grupper (ej risk för undernäring, risk för undernäring och undernärd) avseende fallrisk, risk för trycksår samt nedsatt munhälsa. Vidare gjordes logistisk regressionsanalys för att undersöka relationen mellan risk för undernäring/undernärd och fallrisk, risk för trycksår samt nedsatt munhälsa. Deskriptiv statistik användes för att beskriva preventiva och behandlande åtgärder. Resultat: Undernäring relaterar starkt till risk för trycksår. Relation kunde inte påvisas mellan undernäring och fallrisk samt munhälsa. Preventiva åtgärder användes i låg utsträckning. Slutsats: Nutritionsomvårdnad är ett komplext område vilket kräver att distriktssköterskan arbetar i ett multidisciplinärt team med riskbedömningar, utredningar, åtgärder och uppföljningar. Nutritionsåtgärder bör erbjudas i högre utsträckning till personer med risk för undernäring eller som är undernärda. 

Abstract [en]

Background: Undernutrition occurs in up to 30 % of older people in special accommodation (SA). It is one of the district nurse's responsibility areas to maintain good nutritional care. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the prevalence of undernutrition among older people (65 years and older) in special accommodation and relationships between undernutrition and fall risk, risk of pressure ulcers and impaired oral health. A further aim was to investigate the preventive measures district nurse’s offered to prevent alternatively treat undernutrition in older people. Method: The study had a quantitative approach. The number of study participants was 436 people who lived in SA. Group comparisons were made between three independent groups (not at risk of undernutrition, risk of undernutrition and undernourished) regarding fall risk, risk of pressure ulcers and impaired oral health. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between risk of undernutrition/undernourished and fall risk, risk of pressure ulcers and impaired oral health. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the preventive and treatment measures. Results: Undernutrition relate strongly to the risk of pressure ulcers. No relationship was detected between undernutrition and risk of falling and impaired oral health. Preventive measures was used to a low extent. Conclusion: Nutritional care is a complex area that requires that the district nurse work in a multidisciplinary team with risk assessments, investigations, actions and follow up. Nutritional measures should be offered to a greater extent to persons at risk of undernutrition or with manifest undernutrition.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2015. , p. 45
Keywords [en]
Undernutrition, special accommodation, risk assessments, nutritional measures, Senior Alert, district nurse, multidisciplinary team
Keywords [sv]
Undernäring, särskilt boende, riskbedömningar, nutritionsåtgärder, Senior alert, distriktssköterska, multidisciplinärt team
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-13779OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hkr-13779DiVA, id: diva2:801268
Educational program
Graduate diploma in primary health care specialist nursing
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Examiners
Available from: 2015-05-22 Created: 2015-04-08 Last updated: 2015-05-22Bibliographically approved

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