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Att skapa läroplan för de yngsta barnen i förskolan: barns perspektiv och nuets didaktik
Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Pedagogik. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Barndom, Lärande och Utbildning (BALU). Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Forskning Relationell Pedagogik (FoRP). (BALU, FoRP)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6978-7513
2013 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)Alternative title
Creating curriculum for the youngest children in preschool : children’s perspectives and didactics of the present moment (English)
Abstract [en]

This thesis takes as one point of departure the concept of the expanded curriculum where curricula encompass both the formal steering documents, as well as that which goes on within the framework of preschool education and through the actors in preschools. The overarching purpose is therefore to generate knowledge about what conditions for learning the work of teachers make possible when curricula are created in preschool settings for children aged between 1 and 3. The purpose is also to contribute with knowledge about what these created curricula would mean for children’s agency, and the importance they can have for children’s opportunities for learning and development. The three empirical studies consist of digitally recorded interviews with teachers and video observations with a focus on teachers’ communication with children in preschool. The discussion in the overarching text is constructed around three aspects that emerge in the overall results of the studies. First, the studies reveal how teachers’ work can be likened to a limiting curriculum which, on the one hand, is entirely child-centered, with the children as seen actors, but, on the other, can be interpreted as entirely teacher-centered. Secondly, there is the discussion about the affirmative curriculum, where children are presented as affirmed actors. In other words, content becomes those things that children are interested in, and their modes of expression are seen, affirmed and often repeated. Finally there is the discussion about the possibilities and dilemmas related to an expanding curriculum where children are regarded and treated as real actors in the sense that their intentions and expressions are taken seriously as relevant challenges. The current curriculum text for Swedish preschool can, in this sense, be seen as an obstacle in that its formulations are extremely broad-based, as discussed related to the results of this thesis.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis , 2013. , p. 147
Series
Gothenburg studies in educational sciences, ISSN 0436-1121 ; 343
Keywords [en]
early childhood, curriculum, preschool teacher, communication, child perspective, children's perspectives
National Category
Educational Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-11340Libris ID: 14793991ISBN: 978-91-7346-765-0 (print)ISBN: 978-91-7346-766-7 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hkr-11340DiVA, id: diva2:669127
Public defence
2013-11-15, 07-318, Högskolan Kristianstad, Kristianstad, 13:00 (Swedish)
Available from: 2013-12-03 Created: 2013-12-03 Last updated: 2016-08-31Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Nuets didaktik: förskolans lärare talar om läroplan för de yngsta
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Nuets didaktik: förskolans lärare talar om läroplan för de yngsta
2011 (Swedish)Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Studien som ligger till grund för detta licentiatarbete syftar till att utveckla kunskap om hur den läroplan för de yngsta ser ut så som den beskrivs av förskolans lärare. Fokus läggs på den beskrivna läroplanens innehåll och arbetsformer och på vad som karakteriserar verksamheten för de yngsta barnen i förskolan. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som används är läroplansteori för yngre barn samt i viss mån även barndomsperspektiv med koppling till barndomspsykologi, barndomssociologi och barndomspedagogik. Det är en kvalitativ studie vars empiri består av data från 15 transkriberade och analyserade samtalsintervjuer med lärare som arbetar med förskolans yngsta barn i åldrarna 1-3 år. Metodansatsen är fenomenografisk vilket i analysen gett verktyg att urskilja kvalitativt skilda beskrivningskategorier av innehåll, arbetsformer och karakteristiska drag för förskolans verksamhet. Resultaten visar att läraruppdraget framstår som unikt på det sättet att arbetet med barns lärande och utveckling huvudsakligen tycks ske här och nu och i mindre utsträckning utifrån en planerad verksamhet. Det har resulterat i begreppet nuets didaktik. Begreppet grundar sig i lärares beskrivningar av innehåll och arbetsformer i vilka gemensamma drag är konkretion, tidsaspekten samt ett tydligt barnperspektiv kopplat till didaktikens utgångspunkter vad, hur, varför, vem, var och när. Vidare visar resultaten att för dessa lärare är personlighetsutveckling och social anpassning det ojämförbart väsentligaste syftet med de yngsta barnens lärande och utveckling samt att lek har samma dignitet som specifika innehåll så som naturvetenskap och matematik. Ett starkt barnperspektiv reser frågor kring barns och lärares ansvar i lärandeprocessen såväl som utveckling respektive bevarande av förskolans verksamhet. I studien diskuteras även det karakteristiska i verksamheten för de yngsta relaterat till kontinuitet i utbildningssystemet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Göteborg: Göteborgs Universitet, 2011. p. 137
Keywords
förskola, läroplan, arbetsformer
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-7937 (URN)
External cooperation:
Supervisors
Projects
Nationella forskarskolan för Barndom, lärande och ämnesdidaktik FoBa
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 721 - 2005- 2717
Available from: 2011-03-25 Created: 2011-03-25 Last updated: 2016-08-31Bibliographically approved
2. Communication with young children in preschool: the complex matter of a child perspective
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Communication with young children in preschool: the complex matter of a child perspective
2013 (English)In: Early Child Development and Care, ISSN 0300-4430, E-ISSN 1476-8275, Vol. 183, no 5, p. 589-604Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This article discusses results obtained from a study on the contribution of the preschool teacher as a curriculum-maker in preschool. The research question addressed is ‘what is the characteristic for the curriculum offered, as it appears in one teacher's verbal communication with 1–3-year-old children?’ The research area is motivated by the need for knowledge about the implications that a goal-oriented preschool curriculum and broad discretion for teachers might imply for activities in preschool. This study was carried out in Sweden, and the empirical data consist of videotaped observations of communication between a single teacher and a number of children aged between one and three during one morning in preschool. The results show that the teacher frequently uses questions as a means of communication, where a large number of shifts between different children and different issues are particularly characteristic. Although this contributes to a child perspective, it also implies a teacher-centred position and a fragmented way of exercising the discretion vis-à-vis the curriculum. The findings are discussed and related to curriculum theory and to early childhood perspectives.

National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-9250 (URN)10.1080/03004430.2012.678488 (DOI)
External cooperation:
Available from: 2012-05-02 Created: 2012-05-02 Last updated: 2017-12-07Bibliographically approved
3. Kvalitativa skillnader i lärares kommunikation med de yngsta barnen i förskolan
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Kvalitativa skillnader i lärares kommunikation med de yngsta barnen i förskolan
(Swedish)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Pedagogical Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-11344 (URN)
External cooperation:
Available from: 2013-12-03 Created: 2013-12-03 Last updated: 2016-08-31Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
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