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Upplevelser av stigmatisering hos personer med HIV: En litteraturstudie
Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society.
2013 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Idag beräknas minst 40 miljoner människor leva med den kroniska sjukdomen HIV. När HIV blev känt under 80-talet ansåg många att det endast var homosexuella eller personer som levde ett promiskuöst liv som smittades vilket gjorde att de smittade behandlades illa och frystes ut från samhället. Kunskapen inom området har ökat sedan dess, dock lever stigmatiseringen i samhället och inom vården kvar. Syfte: Att belysa hur personer med HIV upplever stigmatisering. Metod: Studien som gjorts är en allmän litteraturstudie baserad på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Artiklarna analyserades och det framkom att personer med HIV upplever stigmatisering på flera sätt. Resultatet delades in i tre kategorier: Oro och rädsla inför att bli utsatt för stigmatisering, Diskriminering, utanförskap och befrielse samt Strategier för att kunna hantera stigmatiseringen. Diskussion: Stigmatisering i vårdrelaterade situationer leder till lidande hos personer som är HIV-smittade. Stigman bidrar även till att personerna med HIV får en djupare insikt i vad som är betydelsefullt i livet. Som sjuksköterska är det viktigt att känna till hur stigman inom vården upplevs samt vilka positiva effekter den kan ge, för att kunna utföra optimal omvårdnad. 

Abstract [en]

Background: Today an estimated 40 million people are living with the chronic disease HIV. When HIV became known in the 80’s people thought that it was only homosexuals or people who lived a promiscuous lifestyle that were at risk of infection. As a result the infected were treated badly and became outcasts of society. Knowledge in this area has increased since then, however stigma in the community and in health care still remains. Aim: To illuminate how persons with HIV experience stigma. Method: The study is based on 15 qualitative, scientific articles. Results: The articles were analyzed and it was found that persons with HIV experience stigma in many ways. The findings resulted in three categories: Fear and anxiety about being exposed to stigma, Discrimination, exclusion and exemption and Strategies for managing stigma. Discussion: Stigma in health-related situations leads to suffering among persons with HIV infection. Stigma also makes them get a deeper insight into what is important in life. As a nurse it is important to know how people perceive stigma in health care, and that there might be a beneficial effect, in order to perform optimal care.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2013.
Keywords [en]
HIV, client, literature review, patient, person, stigma, experience
Keywords [sv]
HIV, klient, litteraturstudie, patient, person, stigma, upplevelse
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-10306OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hkr-10306DiVA, id: diva2:610288
Educational program
Study Programme in Nursing
Uppsok
Medicine
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2013-03-12 Created: 2013-03-10 Last updated: 2013-03-12Bibliographically approved

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