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The short-term treatment effects on the microbiota at the dorsum of the tongue in intra-oral halitosis patients: a randomized clinical trial
Kristianstad University, School of Health and Society, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Forskningsmiljön Oral Hälsa - Allmänhälsa - Livskvalitet.
Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern. (Oral hälsa, Avdelningen för Hälsovetenskap)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3620-5978
Academic Centre for Oral Health, Department of Periodontology, University Medical Centre Groningen.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen.
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2013 (English)In: Clinical Oral Investigations, ISSN 1432-6981, E-ISSN 1436-3771, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 463-473Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Objectives This study aims to assess the effects of rinsing with zinc- and chlorhexidine-containing mouth rinse with or without adjunct tongue scraping on volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in breath air, and the microbiota at the dorsum of the tongue. Material and methods A randomized single-masked controlled clinical trial with a cross-over study design over 14 days including 21 subjects was performed. Bacterial samples from the dorsum of the tongue were assayed by checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Results No halitosis (identified by VSC assessments) at day 14 was identified in 12/21 subjects with active rinse alone, in 10/21with adjunct use of tongue scraper, in 1/21 for negative control rinse alone, and in 3/21 in the control and tongue scraping sequence. At day 14, significantly lower counts were identified only in the active rinse sequence ( p < 0.001) for 15/78 species including , Fusobacterium sp., Porphyromonas gingivalis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus , and Tannerella forsythia . A decrease in bacteria from baseline to day 14 was found in successfully treated subjects for 9/74 species including: P. gingivalis , Prevotella melaninogenica , S. aureus , and Treponema denticola . Baseline VSC scores were correlated with several bacterial species. The use of a tongue scraper combined with active rinse did not change the levels of VSC compared to rinsing alone. Conclusions VSC scores were not associated with bacterial counts in samples taken from the dorsum of the tongue. The active rinse alone containing zinc and chlorhexidine had effects on intra-oral halitosis and reduced bacterial counts of species associated with malodor. Tongue scraping provided no beneficial effects on the microbiota studied. Clinical relevance Periodontally healthy subjects with intra-oral halitosis benefit from daily rinsing with zinc- and chlorhexidine-containing mouth rinse.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2013. Vol. 17, no 2, p. 463-473
Keywords [en]
Bacteria, Halitosis, Mouth rinse, Tongue scraping, VSC
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-9290DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0728-yISI: 000315356700013PubMedID: 22573244OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hkr-9290DiVA, id: diva2:527063
Available from: 2012-05-16 Created: 2012-05-16 Last updated: 2017-12-07Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Treatment of intra-oral halitosis
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Treatment of intra-oral halitosis
2017 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Intra-oral  halitosis  (bad  breath)  is reported  to affect  15-83 % of the adult population. Having intra-oral halitosis is a social and psycho-logical handicap, and may cause people in the  person’s social circle to increase the physical distance or to turn their faces in another direction to avoid the unpleasant smell from the exhaled air. Such behaviours may affect the individual’s self-confidence resulting in insecurity in social and intimate relations. The oral health-related quality of life status has also been reported to be lower in individuals with halitosis. Approximately 90% of what is considered as bad breath is the result of the degradation of organic substrates (proteins) by an- aerobic bacteria of the oral cavity. Intra-oral halitosis can be  assessed using both subjective and objective methods to evaluate the subject’s exhaled air. The most common one and the one often referred to as the ”gold standard”, is the organoleptic scoring system (OLS). OLS is a subjective method  evaluating  the  strength  of halitosis in exhaled air using a scale from 0-5. One objective  method to assess the presence of volatile sulphur compounds in exhaled air is to use a sulphide monitor measuring the total sum of the volatile sulphur  compounds  (T-VSC) in exhaled  air.  The three  gases  (hydrogensulphide (H2S), methyl mercaptan (MM) and dimethyl sulphide (DMS)) in exhaled air related to intra-oral halitosis can be assessed separately using a simplified gas chromatograph. Different treatment models such as periodontal treatment, tongue scraping and rinsing with Zn ion containing products have been used to reduce intra-oralhalitosis. The  present  thesis  has  evaluated  the  efficacy of  different treatment models in the treatment of intra-oral  halitosis.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö university, Faculty of Odontolgy, 2017. p. 76
Series
Doctoral dissertation in odontology ; 2017
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-16611 (URN)978-91-7104-718-2 (ISBN)
Available from: 2017-03-27 Created: 2017-03-27 Last updated: 2017-05-09Bibliographically approved

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Erovic Ademovski, SeidaPersson, G. RutgerRenvert, Stefan

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