hkr.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
High flow-rate sample loading in large volume whole water organic trace analysis using positive pressure and finely ground sand as a SPE-column in-line filter
Kristianstad University, Plattformen för molekylär analys. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment MoLab.
Kristianstad University, Plattformen för molekylär analys. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskap. Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Research environment MoLab.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2283-2927
2019 (English)In: Molecules, ISSN 1431-5157, E-ISSN 1420-3049, Vol. 24, no 7Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

By using an innovative, positive pressure sample loading technique in combination with an in-line filter of finely ground sand the bottleneck of solid phase extraction (SPE) can be reduced. Recently published work by us has shown the proof of concept of the technique. In this work, emphasis is put on the SPE flow rate and method validation for 26 compounds of emerging environmental concern, mainly from the 1st and 2nd EU Watch List, with various physicochemical properties. The mean absolute recoveries in % and relative standard deviations (RSD) in % for the investigated compounds from spiked pure water samples at the three investigated flow rates of 10, 20, and 40 mL/min were 63.2% (3.2%), 66.9% (3.3%), and 69.0% (4.0%), respectively. All three flow rates produced highly repeatable results, and this allowed a flow rate increase of up to 40 mL/min for a 200 mg, 6 mL, reversed phase SPE cartridge without compromising the recoveries. This figure is more than four times the maximum flow rate recommended by manufacturers. It was indicated that some compounds, especially pronounced for the investigated macrolide molecules, might suffer when long contact times with the sample glass bottle occurs. A reduced contact time somewhat decreases this complication. A very good repeatability also held true for experiments on both spiked matrix-rich pond water (high and low concentrations) and recipient waters (river and wastewater) applying 40 mL/min. This work has shown that, for a large number of compounds of widely differing physicochemical properties, there is a generous flow rate window from 10 to 40 mL/min where sample loading can be conducted. A sample volume of 0.5 L, which at the recommended maximum flow rate speed of 10 mL/min, would previously take 50 min, can now be processed in 12 min using a flow rate of 40 mL/min. This saves 38 min per processed sample. This low-cost technology allows the sample to be transferred to the SPE-column, closer to the sample location and by the person taking the sample. This further means that only the sample cartridge would need to be sent to the laboratory, instead of the whole water sample, like today's procedure.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2019. Vol. 24, no 7
Keywords [en]
SPE, environmental analysis, flow rate, hormones, in-line filter, large volume, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, sand, trace analysis, whole water
National Category
Biological Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-19231DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071426ISI: 000464952900022PubMedID: 30978956OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hkr-19231DiVA, id: diva2:1305336
Available from: 2019-04-16 Created: 2019-04-16 Last updated: 2023-08-28Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(728 kB)525 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 728 kBChecksum SHA-512
9a93f3816a8b490702f98356271b0dafff17109e6c1fb93c5c9459c9b57cd6a07d792f38ca478d2333969213f2a607af31adb8b53debfb4dda37432f4e59da27
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Other links

Publisher's full textPubMed

Authority records

Svahn, OlaBjörklund, Erland

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Svahn, OlaBjörklund, Erland
By organisation
Plattformen för molekylär analysAvdelningen för miljö- och biovetenskapResearch environment MoLab
In the same journal
Molecules
Biological Sciences

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 525 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn
Total: 658 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf