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Enterococcus spp in wastewater and in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) exposed to wastewater wetland
Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap.
Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute.
School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, Kalmar University.
Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University.
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2013 (English)In: International Journal of Environmental Protection, ISSN 2226-6437, Vol. 3, no 10, p. 1-12Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In this study, twelve Mallards living in an artificial wastewater wetland were exposed to treated wastewater containing 1 x 103- 4 x 103 enterococci 100 ml-1 for a period of 55 days. Faecal samples were collected before, during and after exposure and analysed for Enterococcus spp. The isolates were phenotyped using the PhenePlateTM system. 270 Enterococcus spp. of Mallard origin were analysed, together with 116 Enterococcus spp. isolates from treated wastewater and from incoming raw wastewater. In general, the Mallard and wastewater enterococci isolates belonged to different phenotypes, although several sharing identical phenotypic profiles were found. One E. faecalis phenotype was found in Mallards before, during and after exposure to treated wastewater, as well as in raw and treated wastewater. Our results indicate that there is a common source of enterococci for Mallards and humans. We propose an increased focus on emissions of human bacteria and on systems that mediate their transfer to wild animals.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2013. Vol. 3, no 10, p. 1-12
Keywords [en]
Enterococcus Faecalis, Enterococcus Faecium, Anas Platyrhynchos, Mallard, Urban Wastewater, Sewage, Wastewater Wetland
National Category
Biological Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-11446OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hkr-11446DiVA, id: diva2:679627
Available from: 2013-12-16 Created: 2013-12-16 Last updated: 2020-02-28Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Perspectives on urban wastewater as a source of microbial pollution
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Perspectives on urban wastewater as a source of microbial pollution
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Wastewater treatment plants are important links for dissemination of intestinal bacteria into surface waters. In this study, twelve mallards were exposed to treated wastewater for a period of 55 days. Faecal samples were collected and analysed for Enterococcus spp. and C. jejuni. In general, the mallard and wastewater enterococci isolates belonged to different phenotypes, although some strains were identical. Phenotypical characteristics of C. jejuni, including antibiotic resistance, and genetical (PFGE and MLST) patterns were compared. All STs have previously been found in both humans and wild birds. The phenotypical expression of resistance against ampicillin and cefazolin, and ability to assimilate malate and succinate, changed during the mallards exposure to wastewater. Edible clams were collected in Maputo Bay during both the dry and rainy seasons, and number of viable counts of V. parahaemolyticus peaked during the rainy season. A high percentage showed haemolytic capacity but did not carry the standard set of virulence genes. The persistence of E. faecium and E. faecalis strains in sterilized treated wastewater at 10°C and 20°C was evaluated, including if ciprofloxacin had any effect. We could conclude that E. faecalis had a lower DC10 (92 and 43 days) than E. faecium (333 and 68 days) at 10°C and 20°C, respectively. Most of the strains were unaffected of ciprofloxacin was, but there were exceptions. All strains remained culturable the whole studied period (108 days).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Göteborg: Göteborgs universitet, 2020. p. 45
Keywords
Wastewater, Mallards, Anas platyrhynchos, E. faecium, E. faecalis, Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
National Category
Biological Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-20449 (URN)9789178337705 (ISBN)
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-02-28 Created: 2020-02-28 Last updated: 2020-02-28Bibliographically approved

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Ehn Börjesson, Stina-MinaRehnstam-Holm, Ann-Sofi

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