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Error estimation, validity and best practice guidelines for quantifying coalescence frequency during emulsification using the step-down technique
Kristianstad University, Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL). Kristianstad University, Faculty of Natural Science, Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0002-661X
2017 (English)In: Heliyon, E-ISSN 2405-8440, Vol. 3, no 7Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Coalescence during emulsification has a significant effect on the outcome of the process, especially for the high volume fractions of disperse phase common in food and pharmaceutical processing. Controlling emulsification requires that the extent of coalescence during different conditions can be quantified. The step-down technique is the most commonly used method for measuring coalescence frequency during emulsification. However, the validity of the method has been questioned. No in-depth theoretical validation or best practice guidelines have been provided for the step-down technique, or for any of the suggested alternative methods. This contribution derives error estimates for three non-idealities present in every step-down experiment: i) limited sampling rate, ii) non-instantaneous step-down and iii) residual fragmentation after the step. It is concluded that all three factors give rise to systematic errors in estimating coalescence rate. However, by carefully choosing experimental settings, the errors can be kept small. The method, thus, remains suitable for many conditions. Best practice guidelines for applying the method are given, both generally, and more specifically for stirred tank oil-in-water emulsification.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2017. Vol. 3, no 7
National Category
Other Engineering and Technologies
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-18175DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00359ISI: 000432023900012OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hkr-18175DiVA, id: diva2:1211489
Available from: 2018-05-31 Created: 2018-05-31 Last updated: 2020-12-15Bibliographically approved

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Håkansson, Andreas
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Research Environment Food and Meals in Everyday Life (MEAL)Avdelningen för mat- och måltidsvetenskap
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CiteExportLink to record
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Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
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