Sedan den senast utgivna antologin Barnsliga sammanhang (2019) så har sömnforskningen vid CYPHiSCO fördjupats och breddats. Kartläggningen av sambanden mellan livsstilsfaktorer och sömnproblem och sömnvanor har fortsatt och ger en tydligare bild av ungas mående och beteende. Samtidigt har vi slagit in på ett nytt spår genom att belysa relationernas – och framför allt föräldrarnas – betydelse för ungas sömn. Forskningen har bedrivits både med kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder, vilket är en styrka.

Background: Sleep deprivation among adolescents is a major public health issue. Although previous studies have described their sleep habits and the consequences thereof, the voices of adolescents themselves are rarely heard. The aim of this study was to investigate adolescents' experiences regarding what they perceived as facilitators and barriers for a good night's sleep.

Methods: A qualitative focus group study with Swedish adolescents (n = 45) aged 16-18 years was performed with seven focus groups and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results: Three categories were identified in the analysis regarding facilitators and barriers for achieving a good night's sleep: (1) Striving for a sense of well-being, (2) Tiring yourself out, and (3) Regulating electronic media availability. The adolescents thought that sleep was important in order to be able to cope with everyday life and to allow physical recovery. Overall, the adolescents were knowledgeable regarding commonly recommended strategies for improving sleep, but they had trouble finding a balance between sleep and other activities. Electronic media was used to obtain a sense of belonging and to communicate with others, which in itself was described as important for the adolescents' well-being. However, communicating with friends and family during the night conflicted with achieving a good night's sleep. Parental behaviors (late work habits, internet rules) were also perceived as important for adolescents' sleep habits.

Conclusions: An understanding of the dilemma of finding a balance between sleep and other activities may aid future sleep-promoting interventions for adolescents, incorporating the impact from social factors' on the adolescents' sleep.

Rationale

A previous short-term study showed that a computer-based training in eating and nutrition increased the probability for hospital inpatients at undernutrition (UN) risk to receive nutritional treatment and care without increasing overtreatment (providing nutritional treatment to those not at UN risk).

The aim of this study was to investigate if a computer-based training in eating and nutrition influences the precision in nutritional treatment and care in a longer-term perspective.

Method

A preintervention and postintervention study was conducted with a cross-sectional design at each time points (baseline and 7 months postintervention). Hospital inpatients > 18 years old at baseline (2013; n = 201) and follow-up (2014; n = 209) were included. A computer-based training was implemented during a period of 3 months with 297 (84%) participating registered nurses and nurse assistants. Undernutrition risk was screened for using the minimal eating observation and nutrition form-version II. Nutritional treatment and care was recorded using a standardized protocol.

Results

The share of patients at UN risk that received energy-dense food (+ 25.2%) and dietician consultations (+ 22.3%) increased between baseline and follow-up, while fewer received oral nutritional supplements (-18.9%). "Overtreatment" (providing nutritional treatment to those not at UN risk) did not change between baseline and follow-up.

Conclusion

The computer-based training increased the provision of energy-dense food and dietician consultations to patients at UN risk without increasing overtreatment of patients without UN risk.

The value of course evaluations has been debated since they frequently fail to capture the complexity of education and learning. Group Concept Mapping (GCM), a participant-centred mixed-method was explored as a tool for evaluation and development in nursing education and to better understand students' learning experiences, using data from a GCM-based evaluation of a research training assignment integrating clinical practice and research data collection within a Swedish university nursing program. Student nurses (n = 47) participated in a one-day GCM exercise. Focus group brainstorming regarding experiences from the assignment that the students considered important and instructive yielded 98 statements that were individually sorted based on their student-perceived relationships, and rated regarding their importance/instructiveness and need for development. Quantitative analysis of sort data produced a 2-dimensional map representing their conceptual relationships, and eight conceptual areas. Average cluster ratings were plotted relative to each other and provided a decision aid for development and planning by identifying areas (i.e., "Research methodology", "Patients' perspectives", and "Interviewer role") considered highly important/instructive and in high need for development. These experiences illustrate the use and potential of GCM as an interactive participant-centred approach to evaluation, planning and development in nursing and other higher health science educations.

RATIONALE: This study aimed to explore whether a computer-based training in eating and nutrition for hospital nursing staff can influence the precision in nutritional treatment and care.

METHOD: A pre-intervention and post-intervention study was conducted with a cross-sectional design at each time point. The settings were one intervention (IH) and two control hospitals (CH1 and CH2). Hospital inpatients >18 years old at baseline (2012; n = 409) and follow-up (2014; n = 456) were included. The computer-based training was implemented during a period of 3 months in the IH with 297 (84%) participating registered nurses and nurse assistants. Nutritional risk was screened for using the Minimal Eating Observation and Nutrition Form. Nutritional treatment and care was recorded using a standardized protocol RESULTS: In the IH, there was an increase in the share of patients at UN risk that received energy-dense food (+16.7%) and dietician consultations (+17.3%) between baseline and follow-up, while fewer received feeding assistance (-16.2%). There was an increase in the share of patients at UN risk that received energy-dense food (+19.5%), a decrease in oral nutritional supplements (-30.5%) and food-registrations (-30.6%) in CH1, whereas there were no changes in CH2. 'Overtreatment' (providing nutritional treatment to those not at UN risk) was significantly higher in CH2 (52.7%) than in CH1 (14.3%) and in the IH (25.2%) at follow-up.

CONCLUSION: The computer-based training seemed to increase the probability for patients at UN risk in the IH to receive nutritional treatment without increasing overtreatment.

Introduction: Obesity in children is a growing health problem in the world. In Sweden, 14-15 percent of 4-year-old children are overweight and 3 percent are obese. Prevention of overweight and obesity is most effective if started as early as possible. Studies have shown the need for involving the family since parents’/guardians’ attitudes and beliefs may be crucial for the development of the child's eating habits and have thus a key role in the preventive work regarding a healthy lifestyle for the children. In Sweden, the Child Health Service (CHS) comprises a comprehensive universal nurse-led CHS program with health surveillance directed to the children and their parents, including parental support. The CHS have the opportunity to pay attention to early development of overweight and implement measures that can contribute to a healthy lifestyle during childhood as well as adulthood. The need for evidence based methods/models to be used in combating child overweight and obesity is obvious. However, there is a lack of evidence based models to prevent the prevailing childhood obesity used by clinical active nurses.

Purpose: The overall purpose is to evaluate models for health supportive family conversations to families with preschool children with the intent to turn a negative weight development.

Method: The study has a longitudinal design with health supportive family conversations being evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively. A strategic sample will be applied on CHS centers from different socioeconomic areas in the southern part of Sweden. The models that will be used are the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) and The Calgary Family Intervention Model (CFIM). The models have its their theoretical foundation in e.g. theories of systems, communication, and change. The study will have a naturalistic approach with a pre-posttest design in which nurses in CHS are trained in the model for health supportive family conversations. Supervision will be provided during the intervention. Children’s IsoBMI and The Lifestyle Behavior Checklist will be used as pre- and post-test and at the 12 month follow-up. Evaluation interviews will be held with the families and the nurses separately.

Preliminary results: A pilot interview showed that the health supportive family conversations led to increased knowledge and understanding about the family lifestyles related to the child obesity. Involvement of the family lead to a consciousness within the family about ingredients in sweet drinks and food. The fact that the CHS nurse was the one who conducted the conversations were of great importance, since the nurse was well known to the family.